摘要
真菌及真菌毒素极易污染食品、果蔬、中药材、农产品等基质使其霉败变质,这不仅造成巨大的资源浪费和经济损失,还会带来潜在的安全隐患,严重威胁人们的身体健康和生命安全,这一问题已引起全球性的广泛关注。研究者们竭力探索科学有效的策略和措施抑制或防止诸多基质的真菌和真菌毒素污染。化学合成抑菌剂备受欢迎,但是同时存在残毒、公害、抗性等问题,已被禁止使用。植物精油因具有抑菌活性强、抑菌谱广、高挥发性、生物降解性良好、在基质中低残留、无毒或低毒对人体相对安全、对环境友好等优点,可作为潜在的新型绿色防霉抑菌剂。针对植物精油的分布、抑制真菌生长及真菌毒素合成的作用、抑菌广谱性、安全性评价、抑菌机制进行综述,以期为研发天然、绿色抗真菌剂提供科学参考。
Fungi and mycotoxins contamination in food,fruits,and vegetables,Chinese herbal medicines and agricultural commodities has not only led to a huge waste of resources and economic losses,but also posed the potential threats for human＇s safety and health,which has been widely concerned in the world.The researchers are trying their best to look for the scientific and effective methods to control the fungi growth and mycotoxins production in these matrices.Although some synthetic chemicals have been usually used as fungicides,they were still prohibited owing to the disadvantages of residues,public hazards,drug resistance,and so on.Many plant essential oils（PEOs）,because of their advantages including broad-spectrum antifungal activity,high volatility,short degradation period,minimal residues,non-toxicity or low toxicity,friendly to human and environment,have the attractive attention of scientific community towards the development of eco-friendly botanical fungicides.The paper reviewed the distribution of PEOs,together with their inhibitory effects on fungal growth and mycotoxins production,antifungal spectrum,safety assessment,and antifungal mechanism to provide the scientific evidences for developing effective green fungicides.
出处
《中草药》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第11期2011-2018,共8页
Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs
基金
海南省重大科技项目(ZDZX2013008)
关键词
植物精油
真菌
真菌毒素
绿色抑菌剂
安全性评价
抑菌机制
plant essential oils
fungi
mycotoxins
green fungicides
safety assessment
antifungal mechanism
