摘要
【目的】探索桂糖31号高产的最佳栽培模式,为大面积推广种植该品种提供技术支持。【方法】采用二因素裂区设计,主处理(A)为施肥,设高肥A1(N 379.5 kg/ha、P_2O_5472.5 kg/ha、K_2O 300.0 kg/ha)、中肥A2(N 241.5 kg/ha、P_2O_5270.0 kg/ha、K_2O 135.0 kg/ha)和低肥A3(N 103.5 kg/ha、P_2O_5135.0 kg/ha、K_2O 90.0 kg/ha)3个水平;副处理(B)为种植密度,设低密度B1(7.5万芽/ha)、中低密度B2(9.0万芽/ha)、中密度B3(10.5万芽/ha)、中高密度B4(12.0万芽/ha)和高密度B5(13.5万芽/ha)5个不同密度。测定不同施肥水平与种植密度对桂糖31号产量及主要经济性状的影响。【结果】施肥对桂糖31号产量的影响达极显著水平(P<0.01),施肥水平在中肥A2即可达到高产高效的目的;种植密度对桂糖31号产量的影响未达显著水平(P>0.05,下同),以中高密度B4的效果最佳;施肥和种植密度的互作效应不显著,在高肥A1和中高密度B4的栽培模式下桂糖31号最高产。主要经济性状的相关与通径分析结果表明,有效茎数和单茎重与产量呈显著正相关。【结论】施肥水平和种植密度均为影响甘蔗产量的主要因素,实际生产中桂糖31号最适宜的施肥量为N 241.5 kg/ha、P_2O_5270.0 kg/ha、K_2O 135.0 kg/ha,适宜种植密度为9.0万芽/ha。
[Objective]The present study was conducted to investigate high-yield cuhivation mode of Guitang 31 （GT31 ）, in order to provide technical reference for planting GT31 in large area. [Method]According to two-factor split block de- sign, the experiment were conducted, which included main treatment（fertilizer application rate） and sub-treatment （planting density）. The main treatment（A） included 3 fertilizer application rates（high, medium and low fertilizer applica- tion rates）, i.e. AI（N 379.5 kg/ha, P20~ 472.5 kg/ha, K20 300.0 kg/ha）, A2（N 241.5 kg/ha, P2Os 270.0 kg/ha, K20 135.0 kg/ha） and A3（N 103.5 kg/ha, P205 135.0 kg/ha, K20 90.0 kg/ha）. And the sub-treatment（B） included 5 planting densi- ties（low, low-medium, medium, medium-high and high planting densities）, i.e. B1 （75000 buds/ha）, B2 （90000 buds/ha）, B3 （105000 buds/ha）, B4（120000 buds/ha） and B5 （135000 buds/ha）. Then the effects of fertilizer application rate and planting density on yield and economic characters of GT31 were determined. [Result]The fertilizer application had extremely significant effect on yield of GT31 （P〈0.01）, and the medium fertilizer application rate A2 achieved higher yield and higher efficiency. Moreover, the planting density had no significant effect on yield of GT31 （P〉0.05, the same below）, es- pecially medium-high density B4 with the best planting effect. In addition, the interaction between fertilizer application and planting density were significant, and under cultivation mode of high fertilizer gpplieation rate AI and medium-high density B4, the yield of GT31 was the highest. The correlation and path analysis results of economic characters showed that, the productive stalk number and single stalk weight had significant positive correlation with yield. [Conclusion]The fertilization application rate and planting density are 2 main factors affecting yield of GT31, and interacted significantly with each other. The optimal fertilizer application rate for GT31 is N 241.5 kg/ha, P205 270.0 kg/ha and K20 135.0 kg/ha, and the optimal planting density is 90000 buds/ha.
出处
《南方农业学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第4期564-570,共7页
Journal of Southern Agriculture
基金
广西科学研究与技术开发计划项目(桂科转1346004-20)
广西农业科学院基本科研业务专项项目(桂农科2013YZ13
桂农科2013GW11
桂农科2013JQ31)
关键词
桂糖31号
施肥
种植密度
二因素裂区设计
互作效应
Guitang 31 （GT31 ）
fertilizer application
planting density,
two-factor split block
interaction effect
