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不同剂量右美托咪定对髋关节置换术老年高血压患者术后谵妄的影响 被引量:33

Effects of different dose of dexmedetomidine on postoperative deliriumin from general anaesthesia undergoing hipreplacement surgery in aged hypertensive patients
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摘要 目的评价不同剂量右美托咪定(dexmedetomidine,Dex)对全身麻醉下老年高血压患者术后谵妄(postoperativedelirium,POD)的影响。方法选择择期行髋关节置换术老年高血压患者120例,年龄65—85岁,采用随机数字表法分为高剂量Dex组(D1组)、低剂量Dex组(D2组)和对照组(c组),每组40例。麻醉诱导前D1组、D2组分别泵注Dex0.6、0.2μg/kg负荷量,10min泵完,分别继续以0.4、0.2μg·kg-1.h-1维持至手术结束前30min;C组泵注等量生理盐水。观察时间点为给药前(T0)、给药后10min(T1)、气管插管时(T2)、气管导管拔除时(T3)、术后6h(T4)、术后24h(T5)、术后48h(T6)。记录T0、T1、T2、T3各时点的MAP和HR情况,于T0、T3、T4、T5及T6时点采集静脉血检测血糖(bloodglucose,Glu)、皮质醇(eortisol,Cor)和IL-6的血浆浓度,采用谵妄分级量表-98修订版(DRS)评估T4-T6时患者POD的发生情况。结果T2、L时C组MAP[(135±12)、(127±12)mmHg(1mmHg=0.133kPa)]、HR[(105±11)、(94±9)次/min]比T0时[(111±11)mmHg、(71±10)次/min]显著升高(P〈0.05),T3-T5时C组Glu[(9.8±0.7)、(9.6±0.4)、(10.6±0.6)mmol/L],Cor[(550±55)、(466±59)、(450±44)nmol/L]、IL-6[(175±14)、(115±10)、(81±8)μg/L]比T0时Glu[(4.2±0.4)mmol/L],Cor[(353±37)nmol/L],IL-6[(58±6)μg/L]显著升高(P〈O.05);T1—T3时D1组MAP[(90±10)、(86±10)、(90±9)mmHg],HR[(62±8)、(63±11)、(66±9)次/min]比C组MAP[(121±10)、(135±12)、(127±12)mmHg]、HR[(79±12)、(105±11)、(94±9)次/min]明显降低(P〈0.05),T3-T5时D1组Cor[(421±39)、(345±35)、(325±35)nmol/L]、IL-6[(82±11)、(106±10)、(67±11)μg,L]比D2组Cor[(466±43)、(399±36)、(369±42)nmo]]L],IL-6[(104±12)、(136±14)、(93±11)μg,L]明显降低(P〈0.05)。与C组比较,D1组、D2组POD的发生率明显降低(P(0.05),与D2组比较,D1组POD发生率明显降低(P〈0.05).结论持续泵注不同剂量Dex均能维持血流动力学稳定,减少POD的发生;高剂量Dex对POD的防治更有效;其机制可能与其减轻应激反应及抑制炎症反应水平有关。 Objective To evaluate the effects of different dose of dexmedetomidine (Dex) on the incidence of postoperative deliriumin (POD) from general anaesthesia in aged hypertensive patients. Methods A total of one hundred and twenty patients with aged 65-85 years, undergoing hip-replacement surgery were randomly divided into 3 groups: high Dex group(group D1), low Dex group(group D2) and control group(group C) with 40 cases each. Dex were givened with 0.6 p,g/kg within 10 min before anesthesia induction and followed with 0.4 μg.kg-1.h-1 in group D1, Dex were givened with 0.2 μg/kg within 10 min before anesthesia induction and followed with 0.2 μg.kg-1.h-1 in grouop D2, the equal volume of normal saline was infused in group C. The observation time point is before Dex infusion(To), 10 min after Dex infusion(%), immediately after intubation(T2), tracheal extubation (T3), immediately after the first 6 h(T4), 24 h after operation(T5), 48 h after operation(T6). The plasma of blood glucose(Glu), cortisol(Cor) and IL-6 were detected at T0, T3, T4, T5 and T6. The rate of POD was evaluated by delirium rating scale at the time T4, T5, T6. Results MAP [( 135±12),(127±12) mmHg( 1 mmHg=0.133 kPa)] and HR[( 105±11 ),(94±9) bpm] were significantly higher at T2 and T3 than To in group C ( P〈0.05 ), while Cor[ ( 550±55 ), ( 466±59 ), ( 450±44 ) nmol/L] and IL-6 [( 175± 14 ), ( 115± 10 ), ( 81 ±8 ) μg/L] were significantly higher at T3-T5 than To in group C(P〈0.05). Compared with group C MAP[(90±10),(99±11 ) mmHg] and HR[(62±8),(63±11 ) bpm] were decreased at Tt-T3 in group D1 and group D2(P〈0.05 ), while Cot[( 550±55 ) ,(466±59) ,(450±44) nmol/L], and IL-6[(175±14), (115±10 ), (81 ±8 ) μg/L] at T3-T5 were significantly decreased in group D t and group D2 (P〈0.05). The incidence rate of delirium rating scale in group D1 and group D2 was obviously lower than that in group C at W3-W6 (P〈0.05). Compared with group D2, The incidence rate of delirium rating scale were decreased at T3-T6 in group DL (P〈0.05). Conclusions In the general anesthesia period, continuous application of Dex can effectively maintain the stability of hemodynamies, can reduce the incidence rate of POD in elderly hypertensive patients undergoing hip-replacement surgery. High dosage Dex showed an obvious effect on POD. The mechanism maybe live in the effects of Dex on the alleviation of stress in jury and inflammation.
出处 《国际麻醉学与复苏杂志》 CAS 2016年第3期225-229,共5页 International Journal of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation
基金 武警工程大学科研项目(wJY201402)
关键词 右美托咪定 老年 高血压 术后谵妄 应激 Dexmedetomidine Elderly Hypertension Postoperative deliriumin Stress
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