摘要
为探索、构建适宜生产实践的蚕豆测土配方施肥指标体系,为蚕豆生产提供科学施肥依据,以本地白花蚕豆、尿素、普钙、硫酸钾为试验材料,采用"3414"回归最优设计原理设置田间肥效试验,对蚕豆氮磷钾施肥效应进行了研究。结果表明:不同施肥处理对蚕豆产量、产值和蚕豆植株地上部分养分吸收量、100 kg蚕豆籽粒吸收养分量影响较大。处理7(N_2P_3K_2)较对照处理1(N0P0K0)增产量1600.50 kg/hm^2、增产值5601.75元/hm^2,为最高;其次分别是处理6(N_2P_2K_2)、处理9(N_2P_2K_1)、处理14(N_2P_1K_1),分别较对照增产量1450.5 kg/hm2、增产值5076.75元/hm^2;植株地上部分氮、磷、钾养分吸收量最高的是处理6,其次,是处理4(N_2P_2K_2)的磷、钾和处理8(N_2P_2K_0)的氮;100 kg籽粒吸收氮养分量处理2(N0P2K2)达6.26 kg为最高,其次是处理6达5.90 kg,最低的是处理8;100 kg籽粒吸收磷、钾养分量最高的分别是处理2和处理4,分别达0.76、3.07 kg;最低的是处理1和处理8。说明不同施肥处理是影响蚕豆植株吸收土壤养分、蚕豆产量的主要因素,合理施肥能有效提高蚕豆产量。氮肥增产率十分明显,1 kg纯氮增产蚕豆23.33 kg;磷、钾肥增产效果比较好,1 kg纯磷、1 kg纯钾分别增产蚕豆6.12、3.34 kg。说明蚕豆吸收养分的限制因子主要是施氮量,其次是施磷量。蚕豆土壤有效养分N、P_2O_5、K_2O校正系数分别为1.806711、0.80545、1.397613。
In order to explore and establish the system of soil formula of faba bean, to provide scientificreference for rational application of fertilizer, local white faba bean, urea, single superphosphate and potassiumsulphate were used as materials, and the＂3414＂regression optimum design principle was adopted to conductthe field fertilizer experiments. The effect of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer on faba bean wasinvestigated. The results showed that different fertilization treatments significantly affected the production,output, uptake of nutrients of the aboveground part and uptake of nutrients per 100 kg faba bean. Comparedwith treatment 1（N0P0K0）, treatment 7（N2P3K2） increased the production by 1600.50 kg per hectare andincreased the output value by 5601.75 yuan per hectare. Treatment 6（N2P2K2）, 9（N2P2K1） and 14（N2P1K1）increased the production by1450.5 kg per hectare and increased the output value by 5076.75 yuan per hectare.Treatment 6 had the highest nutrient uptake of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium for the aboveground part ofthe plant, next was treatment 4（N2P0K2） for phosphorus and potassium, and treatment 8（N2P2K0） for nitrogen.Nitrogen uptake of treatment 2 and 6 was 6.26 kg and 5.90 kg per 100 kg faba bean, while that of treatment 8was lower than any of them. Treatment 2 and 4 had the best absorption of phosphorus and potassium,respectively 0.76 and 3.07 kg per 100 kg faba bean, while that of treatment 1 and 8 were the lowest. The testresults indicated that fertilization was the major factor that affected the absorption of soil nutrients and theproduction of faba bean. Rational fertilization could effectively improve the yield of faba bean, especially theapplication of nitrogen. The production of faba bean could increase by 23.33 kg with one kilogram of purenitrogen; and could increase by 6.12 and 3.34 kg with one kilogram of pure phosphorus and potassium,respectively. The limiting factors of the nutrient uptake of faba bean were first the application of nitrogenfertilizer, and second the application of phosphorus fertilizer. The correction coefficients of available nutrientsN, P2O5 and K2O, of faba bean soil were 1.806711, 0.80545 and 1.397613, respectively.
出处
《中国农学通报》
2015年第36期78-86,共9页
Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin
基金
国家测土配方施肥财政补贴项目"云南省主要农作物测土配方施肥指标体系创建"(云财农[2009]2045)
关键词
蚕豆
测土配方
施肥指标体系
氮磷钾
回归方程
推荐施肥量
faba bean（Vcia faba L.）
fertilization recommendation index
the system of soil formula
N,P,K
regression equation
recommendation fertilization amount
