摘要
棉蚜是世界性分布的棉花害虫,仲夏棉蚜种群崩溃是生态控制棉蚜危害的重要途径,为棉蚜预测和防治提供了新思路与切入点,但其崩溃机制尚未明确。导致棉蚜种群崩溃的可能因素主要包括:(1)植物次生代谢物影响棉蚜的发育和繁殖,但不足以导致棉蚜种群崩溃;(2)暴风雨对棉蚜种群有一定的影响,但无法解释连续多年和多个地点发生的种群崩溃现象;(3)高温显著降低棉蚜的存活和繁殖,且与仲夏棉蚜种群崩溃期相吻合,高温很可能是棉蚜种群崩溃的关键影响因子;(4)高密度条件下激烈的种内竞争导致棉蚜繁殖率降低,有翅蚜比例增加;(5)天敌除具有直接捕食或寄生作用外,同时间接影响若蚜生长发育和刺激有翅蚜形成,对棉蚜种群后期崩溃发挥重要作用。本文对可能导致仲夏棉蚜种群崩溃的主要因素分别进行论述,探讨其对棉蚜存活、繁殖和有翅蚜形成的影响,旨在为探明仲夏棉蚜种群崩溃机制提供参考。
Aphis gossypii Glover is one of the major cotton pests,which has posed a serious threat to cotton production and industrial development in China. The aphid population collapse over a few days from peak numbers to local extinction soon after mid-summer on cotton,providing an entry point for the forecasting and control of A. gossypii. The factors leading to the cotton aphid population crash mainly include the following aspects：（ 1） Plant secondary metabolites affect the development and reproduction of A. gossypii,but the inhibiting effects are not enough to lead to the population collapse of A. gossypii.（ 2） Storm may has temporary effect but cannot explain the population collapse phenomenon inconsecutive years and at multiple places.（ 3） High temperature significantly decrease the survival and fecundity of cotton aphid,and the time of high temperature are consistent with the midsummer population collapse in the field. High temperature is likely to be key factors of the cotton aphid population collapse.（ 4）Intraspecific competitions result in the decrease of reproduction and the increase of proportion of the winged aphids.（ 5） Natural enemy has not only the direct effect by predation or parasitism,but also the indirect effect by modifying the development,fecundity and winged aphid formation on cotton aphid.Natural enemy play a role on the late stage of the population collapse of cotton aphid. This paper discussthe probable factors that lead to the cotton aphid population crash. Their effects on survival,fecundity and alate production of A. gossypii were discussed respectively. The paper aims to provide references for ascertain the mechanism of midsummer population crash of the cotton aphid.
出处
《环境昆虫学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第5期1101-1108,共8页
Journal of Environmental Entomology
基金
新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金(2014211B049)
关键词
棉蚜
种群崩溃
高温
种内竞争
天敌
次生代谢物
Aphis gossypii
population crash
high temperature
intraspecific competition
natural enemy
secondary metabolite
