摘要
文献中对于分类词(也称个体量词)与其他量词的区分缺少明确的标准,许多学者甚至不加以区分。本文的目的有二:一是以数学中乘法的概念将分类词与量词精准地区分开来;二是将区分分类词的标准实际应用于中国台湾华语(也就是中国台湾的普通话,也叫作国语),将实际区分出的分类词表列出来。在分类词与量词的区分上,我们论证两者在句法上同属一个词类,但在语义上分属两个次类,并且重申Greenberg(1972)首先提出的分类词是"乘1"的数学概念,以及何万顺(Her2012)所延伸出的完整解释:在[数词X名词]的短语中,数词与X形成乘法的关系,即[数词XX];若X=1,则X为分类词;否则X为量词。在此基础上,我们仔细检视了前人所列举出中国台湾华语中的分类词,并且提出我们修正后的详细列表。我们希望本文可以作为区分其他语言分类词的模板。
Clear differentiation of classifiers and measure words are lacking in literature.The present paper tries to(1) differentiate classifiers and measures words accurately by using the notion of multiplication in mathematics,and(2) apply the criteria discovered into the practice of classifying and listing the classifiers in Chinese spoken in Taiwan.The paper holds that classifiers and measure words are two sub-categories of the same category,by following the 'times one' notion proposed by Greenberg(1972) and the related explanation made by Her(2012).Then the paper closely investigates the previously-listed classifiers in Chinese spoken in Taiwan and proposes a revised list,hoping the paper will be a model for the differentiation of classifiers in other languages.
出处
《汉语学报》
CSSCI
北大核心
2015年第4期56-68,96,共13页
Chinese Linguistics
基金
科技部专题研究计划下完成
编号分别为101-2410-H-004-184-MY3
103-2633-H-004-001
103-2410-H-004-136-MY3
关键词
分类词
量词
乘法次
分类
classifiers
measure words
multiplication
sub-category
