摘要
为探究浒苔添加比例与微生物发酵对幼刺参生长、消化和非特异性免疫的影响,试验以浒苔、马尾藻、石莼、扇贝边等为原料,配制成浒苔添加比例分别为0、10%、20%、30%和40%的5种饲料。将每种饲料均分成2份,其中1份利用酿酒酵母菌发酵,试验最终得到10种试验饲料。将上述饲料饲喂初始平均体重为（3.94±0.46）g的幼刺参46 d,每种饲料设3个重复,每个重复投喂30头幼刺参。结果表明：1）随着浒苔添加比例的提高,在未发酵组中幼刺参的增重率（WGR）、特定生长率（SGR）和饲料效率（FE）有升高的趋势,以40%添加组最优;在发酵组中幼刺参的WGR、SGR和FE先升高后降低,以30%添加组最优。添加30%与40%的浒苔对W GR、SGR和FE的影响差异不显著（P〉0.05）,但二者均显著高于添加10%的浒苔（P〈0.05）。而发酵与否对各项生长性能指标均无显著影响（P〉0.05）。2）在未发酵组中,随着浒苔添加比例的提高,肠道纤维素酶活力呈现出先上升后下降的趋势;而在发酵组中,肠道纤维素酶活力呈现出不断上升趋势。同一添加比例下,发酵组的肠道纤维素酶活力要高于未发酵组,且在添加比例为10%、20%、40%时差异显著（P〈0.05）。浒苔添加比例和发酵与否之间的交互作用除对肠道纤维素酶活力有显著影响（P〈0.05）外,对肠道胰蛋白酶和淀粉酶活力均无显著影响（P〉0.05）。3）浒苔添加比例与发酵与否对幼刺参体腔液中酸性磷酸酶（ACP）、碱性磷酸酶（AKP）和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活力均无显著促进作用（P〉0.05）,且二者无显著交互作用（P〉0.05）。由此得出,幼刺参饲料中浒苔的适宜添加比例在30%-40%之间;对添加浒苔饲料的进行微生物发酵可以适当提高幼刺参肠道中纤维素酶活力。
A 46-day feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of adding Enteromorpha prolifera and microbial fermentation on growth,digestion and non-specific immune of juvenile sea cucumbers（ Apostichopus japonicus Selenka）. Main sources included Enteromorpha prolifera,Sargassum polycystum,Sargassum thunbergii,Ulva lactuca and so on. Five diets were formulated to contain 0,10 %,20 %,30 % and 40 % of Enteromorpha prolifera,respectively. Half of each diet was fermented by the suspension of Brewer＇s yeast. The trial finally had 10 experimental diets. Each diet was randomly fed to one group with 3 replicates of 30 sea cucumber [average body weight of（ 3. 94 ± 0. 46） g]. The results showed as follows： 1） the weight gain rate（ WGR）,specific growth rate（ SGR） and feed efficiency（ FE） of sea cucumbers were increased with Enteromorpha prolifera adding ratio increasing among the non-fermented groups,and the group of 40 % Enteromorpha prolifera was the best; the WGR,SGR and FE of sea cucumbers were firstly increased and then decreased with Enteromorpha prolifera adding ratio increasing among the fermented groups,and the group of 30 % Enteromorpha prolifera was the best. The WGR,SGR and FE in the group of 30 % and 40 % Enteromorpha prolifera were not significantly different（ P〉0. 05）,but all of them were significantly higher than those in the group of 10 % Enteromorpha prolifera（ P〈0. 05）. The growth performance indices of sea cucumbers were not significantly affected by microbial fermentation（ P〉0. 05）. 2） The intestinal cellulase activity was increased in the first stage and then decreased with Enteromorpha prolifera adding ratio increasing among the non-fermented groups. However,the intestinal cellulase activity tended to increase with Enteromorpha prolifera adding ratio increasing among the fermented groups. In the same adding ratio,the intestinal cellulase activity in the fermented groups was higher than that in the non-fermented groups,and the significant differences were found when adding ratios were 10 %,20 % and 40 %（ P〈0. 05）. There was significant interaction between yes or no fermentation and Enteromorpha prolifera adding ratio on the intestinal cellulase activity（ P〈0. 05）,but no significant interactions on intestinal amylase and trypsin activities（ P〉0. 05）. 3） The superoxide dismutase（ SOD）,acid phosphatase（ ACP） and alkaline phosphatase（ AKP） of coelomic fluid were not significantly affected by yes or no fermentation and Enteromorpha prolifera adding ratio（ P〉0. 05）,and the yes or no fermentation and Enteromorpha prolifera adding ratio had no significant interactions on them. It can be concluded that the optimal adding ratio of Enteromorpha prolifera in the diet of juvenile sea cucumber is between 30 %and 40 %. And microbial fermentation can promote the intestinal cellulase activity of juvenile sea cucumber to some extent.
出处
《动物营养学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第10期3270-3278,共9页
CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION
基金
青岛市战略性新兴产业培育计划项目(13-4-1-65-hy)
青岛市民生科技计划项目"浒苔生物饲料生产及利用技术"(14-9-3-3-hy)
青岛市市南区科技发展资金项目(2014-14-009-SW)
关键词
浒苔
刺参
发酵
生长
纤维素酶
非特异性免疫
Enteromorpha prolifera
sea cucumbers（Apostichopus japonicus Selenka）
fermentation
growth
cellulase
non-specific immune
