摘要
冲击电压标准波源是进行冲击电压量值溯源的关键设备,为了建立标准冲击电压测量系统,在全国范围内实现冲击电压量值传递需研制该设备,介绍了低阻抗冲击电压标准波源的理论分析、不确定度评定及其特性分析。冲击电压标准波源为小型的Max发生器,其电压峰值Up、波前时间T1、半峰值时间T2都可以根据脉冲形成回路的元器件参数计算得到。该标准波源的Up为10～1 000 V,T1为1.543 9μs,T2为59.500 5μs。输出波形参数Up、T1、T2的相对不确定度（包含因子k=2）Urel,Up=5×10-4、Urel,T1=4×10-3、Urel,T2=2×10-3。实际测量结果与理论计算值的偏差为-0.8‰～0.6‰,基本无极性效应。T1的偏差为-1.5‰～2.5‰,T2的偏差为-1.7‰～0.5‰。连续重复20次,最大相对标准偏差为2.7×10-4。1年之内各电压点峰值长时稳定性在0.3‰内。校准5 k V标准电阻分压器（3.45 k？）,冲击刻度因数与频率响应试验结果相符,测量得到的时间参数与理论计算结果相符,表明该低阻抗冲击电压标准波源既可校核数字记录仪也可校准电阻分压器。与Strauss生产的Kal1000校准器进行比对,Kal1000的峰值偏差为-2‰～3‰,峰值偏差远大于所研制的标准波源。
The impulse voltage standard calibrator is the key equipment for achieving impulse voltage quantity traceability. In order to establish the standard impulse voltage measuring system and realize the impulse voltage magnitude transfer- ring in the China, the calibrator must be developed. The theoretical analysis, uncertainty evaluation and characteristic analysis of a low impendence standard calibrator are described. The calibrator is a small Max generator, the peak value Up, front time T1, and time to half value T2 of the generated impulse are calculated from the calibrated values of the compo- nents of the impulse forming network. The operating voltage range of the calibrator is from 10 V tol 000 V and time parameters are： 1.543 9 μs of T1, 59.500 5 μs of T2. The expand uncertainty of Up, T1, T2 is 5×10^-4, 4×10^-3, 2×10^-3 with a coverage factor of 2. The deviation for the peak value of measured value and set value is from -0.8‰ to 0.6‰, for front timeT1 from -1.5‰ to 2.5‰ and for time to half value T： from -1.7‰ to 0.59‰. Repeated 20 times, the max standard deviation is 2.7× 10^-4. The long-term stability is less than 0.3‰ within a year. Calibrating standard resistance divider that the high voltage arm resistor is 3.45 kΩ, the impulse scale factor agree with test results of frequency response. The expe- rimental results show that the low impedance calibrator is not only can be used as the primary reference of impulse voltages for calibration of digital record but also can used to calibrating the impulse voltage divider. Compared with Kal 1000 produced Strauss Company, the deviation for the peak value of Kal 1000 is from -2‰ to 3‰. The experimental results show the high accuracy of standard calibrator.
出处
《高电压技术》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第8期2810-2817,共8页
High Voltage Engineering
基金
国家电网公司科技项目(JL71-13-031)~~
关键词
冲击电压
不确定度
短时稳定性
长时稳定性
带载能力
比对
impulse voltage
uncertainty
short term stability
long term stability
load capacity
comparison
