摘要
背景:股骨转子间骨折的修复主要分为髓外固定系统和髓内固定系统。哪种内固定方式能够更好地修复股骨转子间骨折仍存在争议。目的:比较不同类型的股骨近端髓内钉与动力髋钢板修复成人股骨转子间骨折的疗效和安全性。方法:收集1966至2013年间发表的所有比较股骨近端髓内固定与动力髋钢板修复成人股骨转子间骨折的随机对照试验,对其进行质量评价,提取关于内固定后股骨干骨折、股骨颈内螺钉切出股骨头、骨折不愈合、再手术率、切口感染、内固定后疼痛(包括髋关节疼痛和大腿疼痛)、手术时间、失血量的数据,进行系统评价。结果与结论:31个随机对照试验共纳入患者总数4 748例,股骨转子间骨折4 757例。髓内固定与动力髋钢板固定修复股骨转子间骨折的手术时间、再手术率、股骨颈内螺钉切出股骨头、骨折不愈合、切口感染、内固定后髋关节周围疼痛差异均无显著性意义(P>0.05);髓内固定比动力髋钢板固定失血量少(P=0.003);髓内固定后发生股骨干骨折的概率明显高于动力髋钢板固定组(P=0.003)。提示与动力髋钢板螺钉修复股骨转子间骨折相比,髓内钉固定失血量少,但增加了内固定后发生股骨干骨折的发生率。在手术时间、股骨颈内螺钉切出股骨头、骨折不愈合、再手术率、切口感染、髋关节周围疼痛这些结局指标方面,髓内钉与动力髋钢板螺钉两种内固定方式无明显差异。由于纳入文献质量差异很大,对此结论的解释应保持谨慎,为得出更可靠结论尚需更多设计严格、使用统一结局指标、随访时间较长的大样本随机对照试验。
BACKGROUND： Intertrochanteric fractures are often treated with extramedullary fixation and intramedullary fixation. Which internal fixation can better repair intertrochanteric fractures remains controversial. OBJECTIVE： To compare the efficacy and safety of dynamic hip plate and proximal femoral intramedullary nail fixation in treatment of intertrochanteric fracture in adults. METHODS： All randomized clinical trials relevant to comparing proximal femoral intramedullary nail fixation with dynamic hip plate for intertrochanteric fracture in adults from 1966 to 2013 were identified. The quality of the trials was assessed. The outcomes included length of surgery, operative blood loss, postoperative femoral shaft fracture, cut-out of the implant from the femoral head, non-union of the fracture, reoperation rate, wound infection, postoperative hip pain（hip joint pain and thigh pain）, which were extracted and reviewed systematically. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION： 4 757 trial participants with 4 748 fractures were included in the 31 published trials. There was no significant difference in the length of surgery, reoperation rate, cut-out of the implant from the femoral head, non-union of the fracture, wound infection and postoperative hip pain between the two groups（P〉0.05） between dynamic hip plate and proximal femoral intramedullary nail fixation. Compared with dynamic hip plate fixation, proximal femoral intramedullary nail fixation had less blood loss and significantly higher rate of femoral shaft fractures（P=0.003）. Experimental findings show that, in treatment of intertrochanteric fracture, intramedullary nail fixation is associated with significantly lower blood loss. However, the risk of femoral shaft fracture is increased compared with dynamic plate fixation. There were no differences in length of surgery, cut-out of the implant from the femoral head, non-union of the fracture, reoperation rate, wound infection and postoperative hip pain. The results of this systematic review should be explained prudently because of some limitations of included trials. To obtain more reliable conclusions, large-scale randomized controlled trials of strict design, uniform index and long-term follow-up are needed.
出处
《中国组织工程研究》
CAS
北大核心
2015年第22期3595-3603,共9页
Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research
