摘要
[目的]高效吸收和利用钾素是西瓜的优良特征,筛选钾高效西瓜基因型对于优质种质资源利用和研究其机制有重要意义。[方法]选取生产中常用的33个西瓜基因型,在2个供钾水平下进行盆栽筛选试验,比较不同基因型西瓜的钾效率差异,在小型瓜和大中型瓜中分别筛选出钾高效基因型和钾低效基因型。[结果]在高施钾量和低施钾量条件下,西瓜植株钾吸收量可以有效评价西瓜的钾素吸收效率。钾含量对钾吸收量的贡献较大。小型瓜中的‘小夏橙’‘新兰’‘早春红玉’和中大型瓜中的‘黑巨霸’‘特大台农八号’‘新黑龙王’基因型属于钾吸收效率的双高效基因型;小型瓜中的‘金童’‘黄小玉H’和中大型瓜中的‘平87-14’‘抗病地雷’西瓜基因型属于钾吸收效率的双低效基因型。低施钾量时,小型瓜中钾高效型‘小夏橙’的钾吸收量比钾低效的‘金童’高202.7%,高钾供应时比‘金童’高280.0%。低施钾量时,中大型瓜中钾高效型‘黑巨霸’的钾吸收量比钾低效型‘平87-14’钾吸收量高287.4%,高钾供应时‘黑巨霸’的钾吸收量比‘平87-14’高77.1%。聚类分析结果表明:在钾吸收量、钾利用指数和钾转运率方面属于相同类型的分别有‘早春红玉’与‘新兰’,‘新黑龙王’与‘黑巨霸’,‘早佳84-24’‘平87-14’与‘抗病地雷’。[结论]西瓜植株钾吸收量和钾含量可以科学评价西瓜钾效率基因型。钾吸收量和聚类分析综合分析表明,小型瓜‘小夏橙’和中大型瓜‘黑巨霸’为钾高效基因型,小型瓜‘金童’和中大型瓜‘平87-14’为钾低效基因型。
[ Objectives ] Potassium efficient absorption is beneficial to yield and quality of watermelon. It is significant on screening potassium efficient genotypes of watermelon for resource utilization and efficient potassium mechanism research. [ Methods ] Thirty three popular watermelon cuhivars in practice were selected to screen efficient potassium genotypes. Pot experiment was carried out to screen potassium efficiency genotype and inefficiency genotype on both low and high potassium application. Small type and big-mid type watermelons were selected respectively. [ Results ] Potassium efficiency could be estimated by potassium absorption of watermelon seedling on the condition of low and high potassium supply. Potassium content made great contributions to potassium absorbing capacity. ＇ Xiaoxiacheng＇ ＇ Xinlan＇ ＇ Zaochunhongyu＇ of small type genotypes and ＇ Heijuba＇ ＇ Tedatainongbahao＇ and ＇ Xinheilongwang＇ of big-mid type genotypes were dual efficient potassium genotype. ＇ Jintong＇ ＇ Huangxiaoyu-H＇ of small type geno- types and ＇ Ping87-14 ＇ and ＇ Kangbingdilei ＇ of big-mid type genotypes were dual inefficient potassium genotypes. Potassium acquisition of high efficient＇ Xiaoxiacheng＇ was higher by 202.7% and 280.0% than ＇that in inefficient＇ Jintong＇ at low and high potassium application,respectively. Potassium acquisition of high efficient＇ Heijuba＇ was higher by 287.4% and 77.1% than that in inefficient＇ Ping 87-14＇ at low and high potassium application, respectively. Cluster analysis by potassium absorption, potassium utili- zation index and potassium transfer ratio showed that＇ Zaoehunhongyu＇ and＇ Xinlan＇ , ＇ Xinheilongwang＇ and＇ Heijuba＇ ,＇ Zaojia84-24＇ ＇ Ping87-14＇ and＇ Kangbingdilei ＇ were similar, respectively. [ Conclusions ] Potassium absorption efficiency of watermelon could be estimated by potassium acquisition and potassium content. Both potassium absorption effleieney and cluster analysis showed that ＇ Xiaoxiacheng＇ of small type watermelon and＇ Heijuba＇ of big-mid type watermelon were efficient genotypes, while＇ Jintong＇ of small type watermelon and＇Ping 87-14＇of big-mid type watermelon were inefficient genotypes.
出处
《南京农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第4期602-609,共8页
Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University
基金
国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(2012013007)
土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室开放基金(Y412201438)
关键词
西瓜基因型
钾吸收量
钾含量
生物量
钾利用指数
钾转运率
watermelon genotype
potassium absorption
potassium content
biomass
potassium utilization index
potassiumtransfer ratio
