摘要
2011年4~12月间,在福建省厦门市小嶝岛潮间带的退化真江蓠海藻场底播增殖了5种附着真江蓠盘状体的人工基质(牡蛎壳、文蛤壳、小石块、小瓦片和花岗岩碎石),比较了自然度夏后真江蓠幼苗在基质上生长的效果.结果表明:牡蛎壳易风化,表面的江蓠幼苗密度最低,成活率最低,幼苗附着效果不佳.文蛤壳、小石块和小瓦片表面的江蓠幼苗密度较低.而小花岗岩碎石上江蓠幼苗生长效果最佳,度夏后幼苗密度、成活率最高,分别是其他基质的3.77~15.95倍和2.02~4.56倍(p<0.05).随后,在2012年4月至2013年1月间,开展了6种附着真江蓠盘状体的不同粒度范围小花岗岩碎石的底播试验,着重分析了度夏后基质上真江蓠幼苗的生长情况.结果表明:度夏前,不同粒度范围基质底播区域内的江蓠幼苗密度相近.但度夏后,较小粒度范围基质(-5 mm)和较大粒度范围基质(+30 mm)上江蓠幼苗密度、成活率和生物量都较低,且较大粒度范围基质(+20mm)还极易附着污损生物,抑制江蓠幼苗生长.适中粒度范围(+5^-15 mm)的小花岗岩碎石基质上江蓠幼苗密度和成活率最高,生物量最佳,分别是其他粒度范围基质的1.64~10.56、1.28~2.51、1.39~2.26倍(p<0.05),较适合作为真江蓠藻场修复的人工基质材料.
Five types of artificially designed substrata （oyster shell,meretrix shell,small rock,small tile and small granite stone）adhered with discoid crusts of Gracilaria asiatica were cultured in a degenerate seaweed bed located in the intertidal zones of Xiaodeng Island,Xiamen,Fujian Province,from April to December,2011.The effects of germling growth were comparatively analysed after summer season.The results showed that algal germlings attached on the substrata of oyster shell had the lowest growth density and survival rate.Additionally,the germlings were easily brushed off by the sea waves leading to just a few fronds growing on the surface of meretrix shell,small rock and small tile.However,the small granite stone presented the optimum effect of germling attachment.The growth density and survival rates were 3.77 ∽15.95 and 2.02 ~4.56 times higher than those of other substrata after sum-mer season,respectively （p ＆lt;0.05）.Subsequently,6 groups of different sizes of small granite stones were statisti-cally analysed for germling growth from Aprial of 2012 to January of 2013.It showed that the germlings had similar densities on the surfaces of small granite stones before summer.But after summer both the smallest size stones （-5 mm）and the largest size stones （＋30 mm）had low attachments,low biomass and low survival rates of the germlings.The stones with moderate size （＋5 mm and -15 mm）showed significantly highest algal density,sur-vival rates and biomass,which were 1.64 ~10.56,1.28 ~2.51 and 1.39 ~2.26 times higher than those of other size groups,respectively（p 〈0.05）.It was suggested that small granite stones with moderate sizes were suitable artificial substrata for the remediation of Gracilaria asiatica on the seaweed bed.
出处
《应用海洋学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第2期183-189,共7页
Journal of Applied Oceanography
基金
国家海洋局海洋公益性行业科研专项资助项目(201105008-6)
福建省属公益类科研院所基本科研专项资助项目(闽海渔科2013R001-1)
福建省自然科学基金资助项目(2014J01095)
关键词
海洋生物学
真江蓠
人工基质
粒度
生长
密度
成活率
marine biology
Gracilaria asiatica
artificial substrata
size
growth
density
survival rate
