摘要
西藏近半个世纪以来,由于农田土壤有机肥使用量急剧减少、耕作管理制度的差异以及农牧民对耕地保养力度的减小导致农田土壤养分退化严重,有76%的耕地有效养分含量缺乏,且肥力因素严重失衡。自20世纪60年代至今已有超过一半的耕地土壤有机质含量降至2.0%,仅1990—2001年间,西藏主要农区农田土壤有机质含量平均下降26.7%～52.0%,农田土壤有机质含量的急剧减少导致耕地土壤肥力持续下降,土壤通透性及保水保肥能力降低。应开展西藏耕地土壤有机质含量的全面普查、对农田土壤有机质转换进行深入研究,并通过增加农田有机肥使用量、种植绿肥等措施增加土壤有机质含量,降低土壤肥力退化速度。
Soil nutrients of farmland have showed a serious degradation due to the rapidly decreasingapplication of soil organic fertilizer, the difference in farming management system and seldom maintenance offarmland by farmers and herdsmen in Tibet in recent 50 years, 76% of farmland lacks effective nutrients andhas unbalanced fertility factors. It is reported that soil organic matter content has reduced to 2.0% for morethan half of the farmland since the 1960 s, the average decrease of soil organic matter in rural area was 26.7%-52.0% from 1990 to 2001. The decrease of soil organic matter content of farmland has led to the decline of soilfertility, soil permeability and water conservation capacity. General investigation of Tibet farmland organicmatter content should be carried out and organic matter transformation should be studied deeply. Increasingorganic fertilizer application amount and planting green manure could increase soil organic matter content andreduce the degeneration speed of soil fertility.
出处
《中国农学通报》
2015年第11期243-247,共5页
Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin
基金
国家科技支撑计划"‘藏青2000’青稞新品种生态适应性研究"(2013BAD30B01)
西藏自治区自然科学基金资助项目
关键词
西藏
土壤有机质
研究进展
Tibet
soil organic matter
research progress
