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血液透析患者症状困扰与生活质量研究现状 被引量:5

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摘要 21世纪以来,慢性肾脏病已成为一个重要的公共健康问题。目前,全世界终末期肾病发生率逐年上升,但其疗效仍不理想且费用昂贵。最新流行病学调查表明,慢性肾脏病的发病率高达11%,且呈不断上升趋势。随着环境改变、人口老龄化、糖尿病、高血压病、风湿免疫疾病等的增加,由继发性肾脏疾病发展到终末期肾病而需接受肾脏替代治疗的患者数还将持续增加。尽管现代的血液净化技术已显著降低患者的病死率,但透析患者的生活质量仍然较低。由于尿毒症毒素或透析过程中某些因素的影响,血液透析患者在透析前、后以及透析过程中都感到诸多不适,如透析前后易出现疲倦、乏力、头痛,透析过程中可能发生头晕、胸闷、呕吐、肌肉痉挛等,此外便秘、腹泻、口渴、味觉异常、呃逆、骨关节肌肉疼痛、皮肤瘙痒、失眠等症状也常常困扰着这些患者,这些症状的发生率高、程度严重,给患者带来了不适和痛苦,严重影响了患者的日常生活。
出处 《广州医药》 2014年第5期76-79,共4页 Guangzhou Medical Journal
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