摘要
以籽用南瓜为试材,设置不同施肥量梯度处理,明确施肥对籽用南瓜养分吸收特征及品质的影响规律。结果表明:各处理白瓜籽产量均高于不施肥对照(CK)处理,其中最佳(OPT)处理(N 55kg/hm2、P2O582.5kg/hm2、K2O 67.5kg/hm2)的产量最高。不施氮、磷、钾肥分别减产了23.1%、19.3%和11.1%,CK减产32.2%。不施氮、磷、钾肥收入平均减少了3 583、2 681、1 411元/hm2;不施肥收入减少了3 666元/hm2。在最佳处理的基础上,不施氮肥(O-N)除了会影响籽用南瓜对氮素的吸收外,还会影响其对磷钾肥的吸收;在最佳处理的基础上,分别不施磷肥(O-P)和钾肥(O-K),会影响籽用南瓜对氮、钾和氮、磷的吸收,进一步说明平衡施肥可以有利于籽用南瓜对养分的均衡吸收。氮肥的农学效率最高,其次为磷、钾肥。氮肥的肥料利用率最高,其次为钾、磷肥。适量的氮肥用量可以提高籽用南瓜的整体品质,磷肥可以提高粗蛋白、粗脂肪含量,钾肥可以提高可溶性糖、淀粉含量。
Taking seed pumpkin as material, the effect of balanced fertilization on yield, benefit, quality and nutrient cycling of seed pumpkin was investigated in Heilongjiang province. The results showed that balanced fertilization treatments produced higher yields than CK （compared） treatment,and the yield of the best （OPT） treatment （N 55 kg/hm2 ,P2O5 82. 5 kg/hm2. K2O 67. 5 kg/hm2 ） was the highest. Yield reduction of non-fertilization nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium was about 23. 1% , 19. 3 % and 11. 1% , CK was about 32. 2 %. Benefit reduction of non-fertilization nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium was about 3 583,2 681 and 1 411 RMB/hm2 ,CK was about 3 666 RMB/hm2. On the basis of the OPT treatment,the effect of non-fertilization N on the assimilation of nitrogen of seed pumpkin, the assimilation of phosphorus and potassium of seed pumpkin was also influenced. On the basis of the OPT treatment, non-fertilization phosphorus and potassium would effect the assimilation of nitrogen phosphorus and nitrogen potassium. It just meant balanced fertilization have an important role in the assimilation of nutrient of seed pumpkin. The agronomic efficiency and fertilizers utilization rate of nitrogen was highest. Meanwhile,phosphate could increase the content of fat and protein,and potassium can increase the content of soluble sugar and starch.
出处
《北方园艺》
CAS
北大核心
2014年第16期173-177,共5页
Northern Horticulture
基金
国际植物营养研究所资助项目(IPNI)
关键词
籽用南瓜
平衡施肥
产量效益
养分循环
品质
seed pumpkin
balanced fertilization
yield and benefit
nutrient cycling
quality
