摘要
随着陆地资源日趋枯竭,海洋资源的开发与利用被列为2l世纪的重点目标之一。耐海水腐蚀材料的研究和应用是海洋开发的基础和前提,其中海洋耐蚀钢研究应用成为热点。海洋耐蚀钢主要指应用于原油运输船、海洋平台、海底油气管线和大型跨海桥梁等领域的一类低合金高强度钢,在海洋开发和利用领域应用量大、涉及面广。结合国家海洋事业发展"十二五"规划,对海洋耐蚀钢的需求作了简要分析;在总结油船货油舱内部腐蚀环境及机理的基础上,综述了日本、韩国、乌克兰、俄罗斯和中国在油船货油舱用耐蚀钢方面的研究开发现状;比较了美国、日本、法国和中国研发的耐海水耐蚀钢的特点;指出了我国在油船货油舱用耐蚀钢及耐海水腐蚀钢方面存在的问题、差距和对策;提出了我国发展海洋耐蚀钢需要解决的关键技术与核心科学问题。
The development and utilization of marine resources have become one of the key targets for 21 st century along with the gradual depletion of resources on land. Research and application of marine corrosion resistant materials are the basis and prerequisite for marine development. Marine corrosion resistant steels are widely used in the crude oil tank, offshore platform, submarine oil and gas pipeline and large cross-sea bridge etc. Because many kinds of high strength low alloy steel have been used in the development and utilization of ocean, only the progress on corrosion resistant steel for crude oil tank and seawater corrosion resistant steel are reviewed in this work. For corrosion resistant steel for crude oil tank, the corrosion environment and mechanism of cargo oil tank are summarized, the current status in Japan, Korea, Ukraine, Russia and China are described. Furthermore, the characteristics of seawater corrosion resistant steel in United States, Japan, France and China are compared. Based on the above analysis, the existing problems and weakness in China, and the future countermeasures are thus proposed. Finally, the key technologies and core scientific problems in the development of oil tank and marine corrosion resistant high strength low alloyed steels are put forward.
出处
《中国材料进展》
CAS
CSCD
2014年第7期426-435,共10页
Materials China
基金
国家自然科学基金重点项目(50734004)
关键词
钢铁材料
海洋耐蚀钢
低合金高强度钢
进展
对策
steel
marine corrosion resistant steel
high strength low alloyed steel
progress
countermeasure
