摘要
目的探讨鲍曼不动杆菌的临床分布特点及其对17种抗菌药物的耐药情况,为临床治疗提供切实的依据。方法对我院2010年1月～2012年12月期间住院病人的临床标本中分离出的689株鲍曼不动杆菌进行细菌鉴定和药敏试验,数据采用WHONET 5.4软件进行统计描述和分析。结果 689株Ab在痰液中的分布最广（75.5%）,主要分布在ICU（36.9%）。Ab对复方新诺明的耐药率最高（36.3%）,其次为庆大霉素（29.0%）。头孢哌酮舒巴坦的耐药率为8.0%,是耐药率最低的抗菌药。2012年耐药率最低的药物为头孢哌酮舒巴坦,为8.5%；3年内耐药率上升幅度最大的是亚胺培南,为14.5%；3年内耐药率发生下降的是加替沙星和左氧氟沙星,其中下降幅度最大的是加替沙星,为13.1%,左氧氟沙星为9.5%；其余抗菌药物的耐药率变化波动不大,但均呈上升趋势。结论鲍曼不动杆菌主要分布在ICU、呼吸科感染患者的痰液中,检出率与耐药率呈逐年增加趋势。
Objective To explore the distribution of Acinetobacter baumannii and its drug resistance to 17 antimicrobial agents to provide basis for clinical treatment. Methods The data of 689 strains of A. baumannii from Jan. 2010 to Dec.2012 were collected and reviewed for bacterial identification and drug sensitive test and then analyzed using WHONET 5. 4.Results 689 strains of A. baumannii isolates were broadly distributed in sputum（75. 5%）,most primarily isolated from the ICU（36. 9%）. The antimicrobial susceptibility testing showed that the drug resistance rate of Ab was the highest to Bactrim（36.3%）,followed by gentamicin（29.0%）,and the lowest to cefperazone-sulbactam（8.0%）. The drug resistance rate of Ab to cefperazone-sulbactam was the lowest（8. 5%） in 2012. In the three years,the drug resistance rate of Ab to imipenem was the biggest rise（14. 5%）; while to gatifloxacin and levofloxacin declined. The drug resistance rate of Ab to gatifloxacin dropped by 13. 1%,which was bigger than that to levofloxacin（9. 5%）. The drug resistance rates of Ab to the rest antimicrobial agents fluctuated insignificantly,but were all in an increasing trend. Conclusion Acinetobacter baummannii mainly distribute in sputum of patients in the ICU and department of respiratory diseases,and its detection rate and drug resistance rate are increasing year by year.
出处
《现代医院》
2014年第7期4-6,9,共4页
Modern Hospitals
关键词
鲍曼不动杆菌
感染
耐药率
Acinetobacter baumannii
Infection
Drug resistance rate
