摘要
簇头沟是岷江右岸一条低频泥石流沟,受2013年7月极端暴雨的影响,暴发特大泥石流。结果显示,汶川地震造成流域内的坡面和沟道堆积的大量的松散物质是泥石流形成的物源,流域上游暴雨及其形成的山洪是此次泥石流形成的激发因子。＂7.10＂泥石流为过渡性泥石流,泥石流容重约为1.8-1.9 t/m3,沟口处最大流速为9.2 m/s,峰值流量为515 m3/s,冲击力达到3 657 t,输沙总量约为50×104m3。泥石流过程表现为为暴雨（山洪）—滑坡（坡面泥石流）—泥石流—堰塞湖—溃决洪水。对震后低频泥石流危险性认识不足、防治工程设计标准偏低是此次灾害造成重大损失的主要原因。在未来灾害防治工程设计中,应合理估计灾害规模和潜在风险。
The catastrophic debris flow in Cutou gully resulted from extreme rainstorms,which is a low frequency debris flow gully on the right of Mingjiang river.The incompact substance in the gully is the main reason of the catastrophic debris flow; however,the rainfall and mountain torrent are the inducing factors.Debris flows are featured with sub-viscous debris flows,the density of 1.8 ~ 1.9 t /m3,the maximum velocity of 9.2 m/s,the peak discharge of 515 m3/s,the impact force of 3 657 t and the volume of 50 × 104m3.Debris flow induced disaster chains,including the process of rainstorm-landslide-debris flow-dammed lake-outburst flood.The shortage of dangerous low frequency debris flow gullies assessement and the destruction of debris flow control constructions leaded to huge property losses.It is strongly suggested for mitigation that estimated the scale of hazards resonably,strengthened assessement of the dangerous debris flow gullies.
出处
《灾害学》
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第3期229-234,共6页
Journal of Catastrophology
基金
国家科技支撑项目(2012BAK10B04)
中国科学院重点部署项目(KZZD-EW-05-01)
关键词
低频泥石流
成因
特征
堰塞湖
簇头沟
四川汶川
low frequency debris flow
causes
characteristics
dammed-lakes
Cutou Gully
Wenchuan in Sichuan
