摘要
中国西南地区复杂的地形起伏造就了人口分布的区域差异,研究地形起伏度与区域人口增减以及集疏格局演化的关系,有利于深入理解人口的分布规律和流动趋势,从而为增进对区域人地关系的认识,实现人口、资源、环境可持续利用提供科学依据。以西南地区DEM数据和人口统计数据为基础,采用人口密度、人口集聚度以及人口商度等指标,结合GIS空间分析方法,定量研究了西南地区1995—2010年期间地形起伏度与人口集疏格局演化的关系。结果表明:(1)西南地区县域尺度上的地形起伏度主要以中小起伏为主,其中小起伏(0—200m)占30.34%,中起伏(200—400m)占30.33%,且地形起伏度的空间分布特征与区域地貌类型分布状况基本一致,即小起伏主要出现在四川盆地盆中区域、广西丘陵以及青藏高原高原面,中起伏主要集中分布在云贵高原境内,大起伏和极大起伏主要分布在横断山区、青藏高原东南部边缘以及川西高原地区。(2) 1995—2010年间,西南地区人口"西疏东密"的集疏格局未发生明显变化,地形起伏度的整体格局根本上决定了区域人口格局的形成。人口流动主要发生在中小起伏地区,且流出人口比例逐渐占据主导地位;而地形起伏度较大的高山以及高原边缘地区多为人口稳定区域。(3)地形起伏度差异决定了西南地区高度集聚和极端稀疏两种人口格局并存的现状。平原、丘陵、低山等起伏较小的地区人口增长迅速;而地形起伏度大的高山以及高原边缘地区人口增减变化不显著。
Relief amplitude is an important factor that impacts the spatial pattern of population distribution. However, the relationships between the population distribution patterns and relief amplitude are not clear yet. It is essential to understand these correlations to enhance the realization of a man-land relationship and sustainable management for a population. This study quantitatively analyzes the impact of relief amplitude on the population agglomeration/shrinking pattern from 1995 to 2010 on the basis of the DEM (Digital Elevation Model)and population census data and the methods to determine population density and aggregation degree. The results show that (1) the fluctuation of terrain was mainly moderate and low in the study area, with the relief amplitude between 0 to 200m having the highest proportion of 30.34%, and the level of 200 to 400m accounting for 30.33% of the study area; (2) the difference in relief amplitude had an important effect on the regulation of population distribution pattern, leading to high population density in the east and low in the west. Between 1995 and 2010, the regions with frequent population changes were mainly concentrated in the areas with small or medium relief amplitude; (3) in general, no obvious changes were observed in the population agglomeration/shrinking pattern. In the period from 1995 to 2010, the population movement mainly occurred in the areas with small or medium relief amplitude, and the proportion of the inflow population was much larger than that of the outflow population. The mountainous plateau areas with large relief amplitude mostly had relatively stable populations. These conclusions generally demonstrate the correlations between population distribution patterns and relief amplitude, and could provide references for the sustainable population management in southwestern China.
作者
钟静
卢涛
ZHONG Jing;LU Tao(Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province,Chengdu Institute of Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Chengdu 610041,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)
出处
《生态学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第24期8849-8860,共12页
Acta Ecologica Sinica
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFc0502101)
国家自然科学基金面上项目(41371126).
