摘要
创新创业是我国新旧动能转换的重大战略选择,而其心理动因研究是激发和保护企业家精神进而推动创新创业发展的关键。文章借鉴企业生命周期理论和创业成功模型,论证了心理因素作用于创新创业的机制,并使用Hausman-Tailor估计和工具变量方法为此提供了经验证据支持。研究结果表明:第一,创新创业具有显著的深层心理动因,已有文献所强调的创新创业前因变量可以经由心理因素来解释;第二,心理因素与创新创业之间存在互为因果关系,所以企业家精神能够通过后天实践而习得;第三,受调节变量的影响,创新创业的心理动因存在地区和时代差别。因此,适时制定有区域差别的企业家精神的激发和保护措施,将具有重要的创新创业实践意义。
At present,the mode of factor-input economic growth is difficult to sustain,and China is in a critical period of energy conversion between old and new.Innovation and entrepreneurship can improve the quality and efficiency of production.It has obvious effects of employment expansion and economic growth,and has become a strategic choice for China's future economic development.The report of the Nineteenth National Congress of the CPC put forward the idea of "stimulating and protecting entrepreneurship and encouraging more social subjects to engage in innovation and entrepreneurship",which is a positive response to this strategic choice.From the perspective of genetics,entrepreneurs seek market competitive advantages through innovation and entrepreneurship behavior,which puts forward higher requirements for entrepreneurs'endowments,including internal psychological endowments and external resource endowments.Among them,psychological endowments have long been valued by researchers of innovation and entrepreneurship.It is generally believed that innovation and entrepreneurship behavior largely depends on the special personalities of entrepreneurs,and these personalities are derived from deep psychological factors.Only when external resource endowments are perceived to form an internal psychological atmosphere,can it play a role in innovation and entrepreneurship.Therefore,this paper uses the entrepreneurial success model to demonstrate the role of psychological factors in innovation and entrepreneurship. The results of the study show that:Firstly,psychological factors can significantly affect the practice of innovation and entrepreneurship,and the role of these psychological factors is significantly different in different stages of enterprise growth.Secondly,from the psychological factors of the distal to the specific practice of innovation and entrepreneurship,there are many intermediary variables.The pre-dependent variables of innovation and entrepreneurship emphasized by a large number of researches can be traced back to the psychological level as intermediary variables.Therefore,the pre-dependent variables of innovation and entrepreneurship can be explained by psychological factors.Thirdly,there is a causal relationship between psychological factors and innovation and entrepreneurship.The logical relationship between psychological factors and innovation and entrepreneurship is influenced by market environment, social culture and regional factors,which explains the differences between regions and eras in entrepreneurship.It shows that entrepreneurship can be acquired through acquired practice.Public policies can play an important role in stimulating and protecting entrepreneurship.
作者
靳卫东
刘敬富
何丽
Jin Weidong;Liu Jingfu;He Li(Shandong University of Finance and Economics,Shandong Ji'nan 250014,China)
出处
《上海财经大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2018年第6期44-62,共19页
Journal of Shanghai University of Finance and Economics
基金
国家社会科学基金项目"区域创新产出的空间关联及溢出效应研究"(17BJL055)
山东省软科学研究计划重大项目"科技创新推进供给侧结构性改革的思路与对策"(2016RZB01041)
山东省社会科学规划研究项目"以质量为导向的城乡义务教育标准化建设研究"(16CGLJ10)
山东省高等学校优势学科人才团队培养计划资助项目
关键词
创新创业
心理因素
企业家精神
innovation and entrepreneurship
psychological factors
entrepreneurship
