摘要
马匹是高昌具有军事和经济价值的重要战略物资。高昌马价昂贵,普通小农几乎买不起,因而无法从事需要马匹运输的丝绸贸易获取暴利。高昌官府出于军事、政治及经济利益的诸多考虑,用差科义务的方式强令官民配养马匹。这对高昌小农又是一项沉重的负担。为缴纳本已繁重的赋税、配养马匹、维持生计,小农必须要进行丝织品生产,向胡商出售换取银钱,充当丝绸贸易诸环节中最低层次的生产者。高昌官府除配养马匹外,还花费大量银钱向胡商购买大批马匹,而这又为胡商在高昌就地购买丝绸等物品提供了资金。因此,高昌官府、丝绸、小农、胡商通过马匹买卖和配养,紧密地连接在欧亚大陆丝绸贸易体系之中。
In Gao, horses is an important strategic material with military and economic value .Gao Ma price is expensive, almost ordinary peasant can not afford a horse, and therefore, need not be engaged in the silk trade transport horses to reap huge profits.Gao official consideration for many military, political and economic interests, by way of poor families with obligations compel officials and people keep horses.This is a small farmer Gao heavy burden.To pay the already onerous taxes with raising horses, subsistence, small-scale farmers must be silk production , sale to Hu providers in exchange for money , act as various aspects of the silk trade in the lowest level of the producers.Gao official with the exception of raising horses, but also spend a lot of money to buy a large number of horses Hu providers, which in turn was purchased locally Gao Hu trader in silk and other items provided funding.Therefore, Gao offi-cial, silk, small farmers, Hu providers by horse trading and distribution support, and closely connected to the silk trade system among Eurasia.
出处
《北方论丛》
CSSCI
北大核心
2014年第3期83-86,共4页
The Northern Forum
基金
江苏省教育厅2013年度高校哲学社会科学基金项目"早期拜占庭帝国丝绸贸易研究"(2013SJD770001)系列成果
关键词
高昌
吐鲁番文书
马匹
丝绸贸易
小农
Gaochang
Turfan Manuscripts
horses
silk trade
smallholders
