摘要
目的了解全国6所高校大学生就业压力与社会支持的现状及关系,为促进大学生心理健康提供理论依据。方法采用大学生就业压力问卷和社会支持量表对6所高校的303名大学生的就业压力及社会支持进行调查。结果大学生的就业压力处在中等水平(x珋=2.836,稍微低于理论中数3),而大学生社会支持评分显著低于全国常模(t=-2.152,P<0.05);就业压力和社会支持在学校上均有显著差异(F=5.488,P<0.01;F-2.430,P<0.05);不同家庭经济地位水平的大学生在就业压力与社会支持状况上均有显著性差异(F=5.823,F=3.275;P<0.05);大学生的社会支持在是否担任学生干部上有显著性差异(t=-3.306,P<0.01);就业压力总分也与社会支持总分呈现负相关(r=-0.140,P<0.05),就业压力总分与主观支持呈负相关(r=-0.120,P<0.05);社会支持对大学生的就业压力具有预测作用(P<0.05)。结论学校的不同会影响大学生的就业压力与社会支持状况;家庭经济地位水平也会影响大学生的就业压力与社会支持状况;担任学生干部的大学生获得的社会支持得分高于未担任学生干部的大学生。大学生的就业压力与社会与支持关系密切。
Objective To examine the relationship between employment stress, and social support and provide basis for promoting mental health among college students. Methods Questionnaires of The Students＇Job Stress and Social Support Scale were used to sur- vey 303 middle school students from 6 universities in Southeast University, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing Uni- versity of Information Science, Yancheng Teachers University and Xinjiang Normal University. Results The job pressure of college students was at the middle level（ x = 2. 836, slightly lower than the theoretical number 3 ） , but the average score of social support of col- lege students was significantly lower than that of the common people（ t = -2. 152 ,P 〈 0.05 ） ; There were obvious differences of job stress and social support of students in different school （ F = 5. 488, P 〈 0. 01 ; F-2. 430, P 〈 0.05 ） ; There were significant differences of social support on whether served as students cadres （t =-3. 306 ,P 〈 0.01 ） ; There were significant differences on different level of family eco- nomic status of students on the employment situation of stress and social support （F = 5. 823, F = 3. 275, P 〈 0. 05 ） ;Job pressure score showed negative correlatio~ with social support（ r =-0. 140,P 〈0. 05）and subjective support（ r =-0. 120,P 〈0.05 ） ;Social support had obvious negative prediction to job stress （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. Conclusion Different schools will affect college students employment pressure and the level of social support ;Family economic status also affects the employment of college students stress and social support; Served as student leaders of the college students＂ social support score higher than not served as student cadres of college students . The job stress correlates closely with social support among college students.
出处
《中国健康心理学杂志》
2014年第1期102-105,共4页
China Journal of Health Psychology
基金
国家社会科学基金项目<就业压力与大学生社会适应性问题抽样调查研究>10BSH041
关键词
就业压力
大学生
社会支持
经济地位
学生干部
Employment stress
College students
Social support
Economic status
Students cadres
