摘要
半导体光催化技术通过太阳光驱动一系列重要的化学反应,将低密度的太阳能转化为高密度的化学能或直接降解和矿化有机污染物,在解决能源短缺和环境污染等问题方面具有重要的应用前景。最近,聚合物半导体石墨相氮化碳(g-C3N4),由于优异的化学稳定性和独特的电子能带结构,被作为一种廉价、稳定、不含金属组分的可见光光催化剂广泛应用于太阳能的光催化转化,如光解水产氢产氧、有机选择性光合成和有机污染物的降解等,引起人们的关注。本文将围绕g-C3N4光催化剂的改性研究,综述国内外近年来在g-C3N4光催化领域所取得一些重要进展,比如理论研究g-C3N4的组成结构及化学性质、金属/非金属掺杂调控g-C3N4的半导体能带结构、软/硬模板法优化g-C3N4的纳米结构、表面化学修饰改进g-C3N4的表面反应动力学过程及半导体复合提高光生载流子的分离效率等。最后,本文还对g-C3N4光催化的未来发展趋势进行展望。
Semiconductor photocatalysis via sunlight-driven photoredox reactions to directly convert solar energy into chemical energy or to mineralize organic pollutants,is regarded as a long-term solution to address the global energy and environmental problems. Recently,graphitic carbon nitride（ g-C 3 N 4）,a polymeric semiconductor has been w idely used as a low-cost,stable and metal-free visible-light-active photocatalyst in the sustainable utilization of solar energy,such as w ater splitting,organic photosynthesis and environmental remediation. This has attracted w orldw ide attention from energy and environmental relative fields. In this review,some recent advances in g-C 3 N 4 photocatalysis are present,including the theoretical research of chemical structure and features of g-C 3 N 4,metal/non-mental doping of g-C 3 N 4 to adjust the semiconductive electronic band structure, soft / hard templates assisted the synthesis of g-C 3 N 4 nanoarchictures,surface modification of g-C 3 N 4 to overcome the high kinetic barrier for w ater reduction / oxidation, and as w ell as the construction of g-C 3 N 4 based heterojunctions and composite photocatalysts to promote the separation of energy-w asteful charge recombination. The prospects for the development of highly efficient g-C 3 N 4 based photocatalysts are also discussed.
出处
《化学进展》
SCIE
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第1期19-29,共11页
Progress in Chemistry
基金
国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)项目(No.2013CB632405)
国家自然科学基金项目(21033003
21173043
J1103303)资助~~
关键词
太阳能
光催化
聚合物半导体
石墨相氮化碳
solar energy
photocatalysis
polymeric semiconductor
graphitic carbon nitride
