8El-Faqih SR,Shamsuddin AB,Chakrabarti A,et al.Polyurethane internal ureteral stents in treatment of stone patients:morbidity related to indwelling times[J].J Urol,1991,146(6):1487-1491.
9El-Sherif A.Fracture of polyurethane double pigtail stents:an in vivo retrospective and prospective fluoroscopic study[J].Br J Urol,1995,76(1):108-114.
10Ho CH,Chen SC,Chung SD,et al.Determining the appropriate length of a double-pigtail ureteral stent by both stent configurations and related symptoms[J].J Endourol,2008,22(7):1427-1431.
7Joshi HB,Stainthorpe A,MacDonagh RP,et al.Indwelling ureteral stents : evaluation of symptoms, quality of life and utility[J].J Urol,2003, 169(3):1065-1069.
