摘要
对高速车轮非圆化进行跟踪检测并对非圆化的形态进行机理分析。利用SIMPACK软件建立可以考虑真实车轮非圆化状态的车辆系统动力学模型,并结合实测高速车轮非圆化状态,计算分析几种典型高速车轮非圆化形态对轮轨行为的影响,从轮轨蠕化特性上阐述高速车轮非圆化的发展机理。仿真结果分析表明,车轮径跳相似的不同阶次非圆化形态对高速轮轨力的影响较大。高阶车轮非圆化对轮轨垂向动力学特性影响较大,其轮轨冲击造成的车轮周向材料非均匀硬化是导致这种非圆化形式迅速发展的主要原因。车轮周向局部缺陷通常会引起较大的轮轨冲击载荷与轮对振动加速度,形成较大的轮轨蠕滑力及磨耗功峰值,且在车轮半径较小部位具有较大的磨耗功,将加快非圆化发展。
The status of out-of-round high-speed wheels is measured at regular intervals and analyzed in detail. Using the commercial code SIMPACK developed a dynamic model for a high-speed vehicle coupled with a track, which considers an effect of out-of-round wheels on the dynamical behavior of wheel/rail. The model is used to analyze the influences of the status of the out-of-round high-speed wheels on the dynamical behavior of the wheels/rails based on the typical measured data of out-of-round wheels. The analyzed dynamical behavior of the wheels/rails includes the vertical accelerations, the lateral misalignments, the normal forces, the creep-forces and the frictional power of the wheelsets. The mechanism of wheel out-of-roundness development is illustrated by using the characteristics of the creepages and the creep-forces of wheel and rail. The numerical results show that the different out-of-round wheels with similar radial runout have different influences on the wheel/rail behavior. The high-order polygonal wear of the wheels has a great influence on the vertical dynamic performances of the wheels/rails, and the nonuniform working hardening on the wheel circumference, which is caused by the wheel/rail impact at high frequencies, is a main factor to lead to the quick development of the out-of-roundness. The local geometry defects with long wavelengths on a wheel tread often lead to the large impact loads and acceleration and friction power of the wheel. Besides, a larger friction power generates on the circumference with littler radius of a radial runout wheel, which can increase the development of the out-of-roundness.
出处
《机械工程学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第18期8-16,共9页
Journal of Mechanical Engineering
基金
国家自然科学基金(U1134202
51275427)
国家科技支撑计划(2009BAG12A01-B08-1/B11)
铁道部科技研究开发计划(2008J013)
教育部创新团队(IRT1178)
国家重点实验室自主研究课题(2012TPL-T14)资助项目
关键词
高速列车
车轮非圆化
测试
车辆轨道耦合动力学模型
轮轨行为
High-speed train Wheel out-of-roundness Measurement Coupling dynamics model of vehicle/track Wheel/rail behavior
