摘要
以晋西黄土区具有代表性的核桃(Juglans regia)、苹果(Malus pumila)、花生(Archis hypogaea)、大豆(Glycine max)所组成的四种果农间作模式为研究对象,对果农间作系统中透光率(TSY)、作物光合有效辐射(PAR)、净光合速率(Pn)和光效应(EL)进行分析,旨在为该地区间作系统光分布模型的建立,光生态特征分析等提供一定的基础资料。研究表明:(1)核桃间作模式的光照条件要优于苹果间作模式,苹果间作区域内的相对日照总量仅为33%。(2)果农间作模式中果树对作物产生的影响程度与二者的距离有关,离树体越近,作物的光合有效辐射和净光合速率越小。(3)光效应表明果树对作物存在光竞争,竞争程度从大到小依次是苹果—花生(-26.39%)、苹果—大豆(-21.89%)、核桃—大豆(-18.12%)和核桃—花生(-16.62%)。研究结果可为该地区土地资源合理利用和农林复合经营的可持续发展提供科学依据。
Targeting four typical fruit-crop intercropping models,i.e.walnut（Juglans regia）-peanut（Archis hypogaea）,walnut（Juglans regia）-soybean（Glycine max）,apple（Malus pumila）-peanut（Archis hypogaea）and apple（Malus pumila）-soybean（Glycine max）in the Loess Plateau of western Shanxi Province as test objects,the transmittance（TSY）,the photosynthetic active radiation（PAR）,net photosynthetic rate（Pn）and photoeffect（EL）of peanut and soybean were studied in order to provide the basic data for constructing the model of light distribution and analyzing the light ecological characteristics of fruit-crop intercropping in this region.The results showed that：（1）light condition in walnut-crop system was better than in apple-crop system,and the sum of relative direct sunlight was only 33%in apple-crop system;（2）the influence degree of fruit trees on crops depended on the distance between fruit trees and crops in fruit-crop intercropping system,and the photosynthetic active radiation and net photosynthetic rate of crops decreased with decreasing distance from fruit tree rows;（3）the values of photoeffect showed that light competition existed between crops and trees in fruit-crop intercropping system,and competition degrees ranked from big to small level were apple-peanut（-26.39%）,apple-soybean（-21.89%）,walnut-soybean（-18.12%）and walnutpeanut（-16.62%）,respectively.This study could provide a scientific basis for land resource rational utilization and agroforestry management for sustainable development in this region.
出处
《水土保持研究》
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第4期288-292,共5页
Research of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
国家"十二五"科技支撑项目"晋西黄土区抗旱节水农林复合系统种间关系及调控技术"(2011BAD38B02)
北京林业大学科技创新计划项目(HJ2010-24)
教育部博士点基金(20110014120002)
关键词
果农间作
光竞争
晋西黄土区
fruit-crop intercropping
light competition
the Loess Region of West Shanxi
