摘要
对闽南地区重点城市春季PM2.5中水溶性离子的污染状况进行剖析,分析和探讨了闽南地区同城化进程中重点城市PM2.5中水溶性离子污染的共同点和差异点,以期在当前空气污染日益严重的趋势下为闽南地区的大气污染控制提供依据。于2011年春季3月7—16日在福建省闽南地区重点城市厦门城区与郊区、漳州和泉州城区同步用聚丙烯纤维滤膜采集大气PM2.5样品,滤膜经超声萃取后用离子色谱仪分析样品中F-、Cl-、NO3-、SO42-、Na＋、K＋、NH4＋、Ca2＋和Mg2＋等9种离子组分的质量浓度。结果表明,（1）闽南地区重点城市春季PM2.5的质量浓度变化具有较好的一致性,PM2.5的平均质量浓度为94.14μg.m-3,二次离子SO42-、NO3-和NH4＋的质量浓度变化范围为14.66-66.68μg.m-3,平均质量浓度为32.43μg.m-3,占总水溶性离子的83.30%,主要以（NH4）2SO4和NH4NO3形式存在;与国内其他主要城市相比,闽南地区PM2.5中二次离子浓度水平偏高,二次污染严重。（2）NO3-/SO42-和SOR、NOR值均表明闽南地区固定源污染对水溶性离子的贡献大于流动源,但厦门流动源的贡献占了更高的比重;与国内其它地区相比,闽南地区由于春季潮湿多雨,硝酸盐化速率较高,也是导致二次离子污染水平较高的原因之一。（3）作为滨海地区,闽南地区PM2.5中水溶性离子的主要贡献者主要来自人为源,而非海盐离子。
Atmospheric PM2.5 samples were collected by polypropylene fiber filters simultaneously in spring from March 7, 2011 to March 16, 2011 in the key cities of southern Fujian province, including the urban and suburban sites of Xiamen city, as well as the urban sites of Zhangzhou and Qnanzhou city. The sample filters were dipped in ultrapure water （18.2 M.O.cm） and the water-soluble inorganic ions were extracted by ultrasonic bath for 30 min. The 9 water-soluble inorganic ions （F-, CI-, NO3-, SO42-, Na＋, K＋, NH4＋, Ca2＋, Mg2＋） were determinated by ion chromatography. This study aimed to profile the pollution characteristics of the water-soluble inorganic ions in PM2.5, and to analysis and discuss the similarities and differences of water-soluble inorganic ions among the key cities of the southern Fujian Province, so as to providing the basis for air pollution control at the southern Fujian Province which was in a growing trend of air pollution. The results showed that： （1） The pollution characteristics of PM2.5 in the key cities of southern Fujian Province in spring had a similar trend, the average concentration of atmospheric PM2.3 was 94.14 μg·m-3, and the concentrations of secondary ions of SO4 2-, NO3- and N-I-14＋ranged from 14.66 to 66.68 μg·m-3 with a mean value of 32.43 μg·m-3, and covered 83.30 percentage of the total water-soluble inorganic ions, which were mainly existed in aerosols in the form of （NH4）2SOa and NH4NO3, the level of secondary ions concentration was relatively high comparing with other major domestic cities. （2） The ratios of NO3/SO4-, NOR and SOR indicated that the stationary emission was the primary source to the atmospheric pollution in key cities of southern Fujian Province, however, the mobile sources in Xiamen presented a higher contribution. Comparingwith other areas of China, the high level of the concentrations of secondary ions in southern Fujian Province was also due to the high level of nitration of NOx, which resulted from the humid and rainy weather in spring in southern Fujian Province. （3） As a coastal area, the major contributions to the water-soluble ions in PM2.5 in the southern Fujian province were anthropogenic sources, rather than the sea salt.
出处
《生态环境学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第3期512-516,共5页
Ecology and Environmental Sciences
基金
厦门市科技计划项目(3502Z20122013)
环保公益性行业科研专项(201009004)
关键词
闽南地区
PM2
5
水溶性无机离子
春季
southern Fujian province
PM2.5
water-soluble inorganic ions
spring
