摘要
目的对参加美沙酮维持治疗的吸毒人群HIV感染状况与行为特征进行分析,了解HIV在吸毒人群中的传播特性与传播趋势,为制订相应的干预措施提供科学依据。方法对永州市4所美沙酮门诊的431名病人进行面对面问卷调查,并抽取静脉血检测HIV抗体,对阳性标本再进行确证试验。结果被调查者在参与美沙酮治疗前,87.47%注射吸毒,共针率达到69.25%。HIV防治知识知晓率为94.66%,HIV阳性率达到8.58%;多因素Logistic分析结果显示,影响HIV感染状况有统计学意义的因素为:婚姻状况、每天吸毒次数、是否共用注射器吸毒、吸毒朋友多少、是否有卖淫或嫖娼行为、安全套使用。结论永州市吸毒人群HIV感染率较高、共针率高,性乱、不安全性行为普遍存在,艾滋病从高危人群向一般人群传播的危险性增加,应针对吸毒人群的人口学及流行特征,采取相应的预防和干预措施。
Objective To analyze the status of HIV infection and behavioral characteristics of drug users with methadone maintenance treatment,to investigate the transmission characteristics and trends of HIV among drug users,and to provide a scientific basis for developing relevant intervention measures.Methods A face-to-face questionnaire survey was conducted among 431 outpatients from 4 methadone clinics in Yongzhou.The venous blood samples were collected to detect HIV antibodies,and the confirmatory test was performed on samples that had tested positive for HIV antibodies.Results Before participating in methadone maintenance treatment,87.47% of the respondents were injecting drug users and the needle-sharing rate reached 69.25%.The awareness rate of HIV/AIDS-related knowledge was 94.66%,with a HIV-positive rate of 8.58%.Multivariate Logistic analysis showed that the factors statistically significant influencing the status of HIV infection were marital status,the frequency of drug-taking per day,drug-taking through syringe sharing,the number of addicted friends,the behaviors with prostitution or visiting prostitute,and condom use.Conclusions The HIV infection rate is high and needle sharing,sexual promiscuity and unsafe sexual behaviors are prevalent among drug users in Yongzhou,all these factors increase the HIV/AIDS inter-transmission risk between high-risk groups and ordinary people.It is necessary to take appropriate prevention and intervention measures based on the demographic and epidemic characteristics of drug users.
出处
《实用预防医学》
CAS
2013年第4期432-434,共3页
Practical Preventive Medicine
