摘要
为了减轻旱砂田西瓜施肥强度、降低施肥成本、提高养分利用率及延长砂田的使用年限,本试验以普通单质肥料(尿素、普过磷酸钙、硫酸钾)为原料,加入NAM长效剂,研究了N-P2O5-K2O分别为1-0.67-1.1、1-0.36-1.1、1-1-1.1、1-0.67-1.6和1-0.67-0.6的5种养分配比对旱砂田西瓜生长、产量、品质和养分利用的影响。结果表明,在氮、磷、钾等养分条件下,以CRF3(N:P2O5:K2O=1:1:1.1+NAM)处理较优,其较常规施肥处理可显著提高西瓜叶片叶绿素含量和净光合速率,西瓜增产34.04%,且显著提高了西瓜Vc含量,降低了糖分梯度和硝酸盐含量,提高了西瓜品质。加入NAM长效剂处理西瓜营养器官中的养分吸收量与常规施肥处理差异不显著,但果实中的养分吸收量却显著提高,CRF3较常规施肥处理西瓜氮、磷、钾肥利用率分别提高20.75%、5.42%和23.77%,为进一步开展控释肥研究和解决旱砂田施肥问题提供了科学依据。
To reduce fertilizing labor intensity,decrease cost,increase nutrient use efficiency and extend service time of gravel-mulched field,the common fertilizers（urea,calcium superphosphate and potassium sulphate） and NAM were selected with the ration of N-P2O5-K2O of 1-0.67-1.1,1-0.36-1.1,1-1-1.1,1-0.67-1.6 and 1-0.67-0.6.The field trials were conducted to study the effects of different nutrition ratio on the growth,yield,quality and nutrient use efficiency of watermelon in gravel-mulched field.The results showed that chlorophyll content and net photosynthetic rate in watermelon leaf increased significantly,yield of watermelon increased by 34.04%,Vc content of watermelon increased,sugar grads and nitrate content reduced and thus the quality of watermelon improved for CRF3（N：P2O5：K2O=1：1：1.1＋NAM）compared to common fertilizer CF.The absorption of nutrition in vegetative organ increased insignificantly,but absorption of nutrition in fruits increased significantly,as well as use efficiency of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium for CRF3 increased by 20.75%,5.42% and 23.77% respectively compared to CF.This provided scientific bases for studying the controlled release fertilizers further and fertilizers application for watermelon in gravel-mulched field.
出处
《核农学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第3期358-364,共7页
Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家西甜瓜产业技术体系土壤肥料岗位项目(CARS-26-20)
关键词
养分配比
NAM长效剂
砂田
西瓜
养分利用
Nutrition ratio
NAM
Gravel-mulched field
Watermelon
Nutrient utilization
