摘要
目的了解和掌握德江县流行性脑脊髓膜炎(流脑)发病情况和流行病学特征,为制订防治流行性脑脊髓膜炎工作策略提供科学依据。方法对2006～2011年德江县报告流行性脑脊髓膜炎病例开展个案调查和随访调查,开展监测工作,对报告病例采集血清和(或)脑脊液进行流脑实验室检测。结果 (1)2006～2011年德江县共报告流脑病例10例,年均发病率为0.31/10万,病死率为40%。2～6月份均有病例发生,但2、3、4月份高峰,占总病例数的80.0%。发病年龄在16岁以下,0～6岁学龄前儿童发病数占总病例数的60%;男女性别比2.23∶1。(2)采集1例流脑病例血清和(或)脑脊液标本,实验室诊断率为10.0%。(3)流脑疫苗接种史无和不详的占总病例数的80%,职业分布主要以散居为主,占总病例数的40%。青龙镇发病人数6例,最多,占发病数的60%。结论德江县2、3、4月是流脑发病高峰,有明显季节性,青龙镇为德江县城镇,人口密集,发病率高,有明显地区性,发病年龄在16岁以下,6岁以下儿童发病率较高,加强以流脑疫苗接种为主的综合措施,为今后德江县流脑预防和控制工作提供科学依据。
Objective To understand and master the incidence and epidemiological feature of epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis in Dejiang County, and then to provide scientific basis for making work strategy of the prevention and con- trol of epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis. Methods The epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis cases reported in Dejiang from 2006 to 2011 was conducted through case survey, follow-up investigation and monitoring work, the reported cases were examined by laboratory testing with serum and/or cerebrospinal fluid. Results （1） Between 2006 and 2011, a total of 10 eases of epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis were reported in Dejiang County. The average incidence was 0.31/ 100 000, and the case fatality rate was 40%. The cases began in February to June, but the fastigium was in February, March and April, accounting for 80.0% of the total number of cases. Age of onset was under the age of 16, the inci- dence on 0 to 6 years old preschool children accounted for 60% of the total number of cases, men and women ratio was 2.23：1. （2） Serum and/or cerebrospinal fluid sample collected from every epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis case, its laboratory diagnosis rate was 10.0%. （3） 80% cases had no history of epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis vaccine or vaccination history was unknown. Occupational distribution showed a concentration of cases in scattered crowd （40%）. The number of cases in qinglong town was the most with 6 cases （60%）. Condusion The peak onset of epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis is in February, March and April in Dejiang County, and it has obvious seasonality. Qinglong Town belong to Dejiang County, it has dense population, high incidence and obvious territoriality. The age of onset is under the age of 16, and children under the age of 6 have a higher incidence. We should strengthen comprehensive measures based epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis vaccination, and it can provide scientific basis for the prevention and control work of epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis in future of Dejiang County.
出处
《中国当代医药》
2013年第3期163-164,166,共3页
China Modern Medicine
关键词
流行性脑脊髓膜炎
监测
分析
流行病学
Epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis
Monitoring
Analysis
Epidemiology
