摘要
近年来,全球受严重灾害影响的国家和地区频繁出现,导致大量人员伤亡和严重经济损失。巨灾作为区域经济社会可持续发展的主要障碍之一,各国政府以及科技、产业与社会各界人士予以高度重视。目前,国内外对巨灾的研究绝大多数集中于巨灾保险,虽有部分研究涉及到巨灾定义及划分标准,但因研究目的与学术背景不同,至今尚无相对公认的、统一的巨灾定义。对巨灾概念的由来和国内外目前的研究动态进行了较全面的综述,论述了突发性与渐发性巨灾的差异,结合近年来全球典型灾害案例,总结给出巨灾定义、划分指标与标准,并在此基础上对巨灾未来研究进行展望,提出了研究的关键问题并建议进行更深入的研究。旨在为完善区域灾害系统原理,进一步推动巨灾研究提供参考。
In recent years,more and more countries and regions are influenced by large-scale disasters（LSD）,which leading to a large number of casualties and serious economic losses.As one main obstacle of regional sustainable economic and social development,LSD has already called serious attention of governments and people in fields of science and technology,industry and different social circles.At present,researches on LSD mainly focus on the catastrophe insurance,except some studies involving the definition and the division standard of LSD,even though there is no common recognized definition up to now due to the different aims and academic backgrounds of the researchers.This study reviewed the origin of the LSD concept and the current trends of researches at home and abroad in a comprehensive way,and discussed the differences between sudden LSD and delayed LSD,combined with the typical global disaster cases in recent years,proposed the definition,division index and criteria of LSD,and forecasted the future trend of the LSD study,and at last put forward the key problems and suggestions for the further research.The main aim of the study is to improve the regional disaster systems principle,and provide the related material for the reference of further LSD study.
出处
《灾害学》
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第1期15-22,共8页
Journal of Catastrophology
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(41201553)
中英瑞(士)国际合作"中国适应气候变化"项目(ACCC)
关键词
巨灾
定义
划分标准
突发性灾害
渐发性灾害
large-scale disaster
definition
division criteria
sudden disaster
delayed disaster
