摘要
[Objective] This paper analyzed present status of broomcorn millet produc- tion in China, including cultivation methods, fertilization utilization, diseases, insect pests and disasters, machinery development, planting benefit and other aspects. [Method] The corn millet data reported by China Industrial and Technological Re- search System of Millet in 2011 were analyzed by descriptive statistical analysis of EXCEL. [Result] The results show that 17 678.57 kg/ha of farm manure, 155.77 kg/ha of urea, 259.5 kg/ha of compound fertilizer, 203.13 kg/ha of phosphate fertilizer and 75 kg/ha of potash fertilizer were used in China; the national mechanization degree of broomcorn millet production is lower than 30% in all; the average income of broomcorn millet production is 10 503.33 yuan/ha, and the VCR is 2.64; most broomcorn millet producing areas are affected by mild pests and diseases, very few are affected by mild and moderate pests and diseases, and the impact of natural disasters is the lightest. [~onclusien] Currently fertilizer utilization for broomcorn millet is proper but the mechanization level and planting benefit are low, natural disasters, pests and diseases are not severe; finally the authors proposed some suggestions on the fertilizer utilization, mechanization production, benefit increasing, disaster warning, disease and insect controlling and government policy-making for broomcorn millet production.
[目的]本文为分析目前糜子生产现状,特从种植方式、肥料使用、病虫害及灾害、机械使用、种植效益等方面进行研究。[方法]利用国家谷子糜子产业技术体系信息员上报2011年糜子数据,采用EXCEL表格进行描述性统计分析。[结果]结果显示各地区使用农家肥17678.57kg/hm2,尿素155.77kg/hm2,复合肥259.5kg/hm2,磷肥203.13kg/hm2,钾肥75kg/hm2;全国糜子生产机械化程度均低于30%;全国糜子平均收益是10503.33yuan/hm2,产投比是2.64;大部分糜子生产地区受轻度病虫害影响,极少数有中轻度和中度,自然灾害影响最轻。[结论]糜子目前肥料使用适当,机械化水平低,种植效益较低,自然灾害和病虫害较少;最后从肥料利用,机械化生产,效益提升,灾害预警及病虫害防治,政府政策方面提出发展建议。
基金
Supported by Special Fund for Construction of Modern Agricultural Technology System(CARS-07-12.5-A18)~~
