摘要
[目的]比较不同栽培方式下水稻(Oryza sativa L.)形态特性,研究不同水稻品种间器官生长和发育特征动态。[方法]通过连续性观察和破坏性取样,获得叶片长度、节间数、株高、分蘖数、叶片角度、叶面积和比叶重等数据,从而比较白稻(籼稻)、金南凤(粳稻)、9325(粳稻)和9915(粳稻)4个水稻品种在江苏南京卫岗大田、卫岗盆栽和江浦大田3种栽培方式下器官形态差异。[结果]每个节位的最大叶长在生长早期逐步上升,后期逐渐下降,可以用方程y=axb和y=ax+b来描述最大叶长和节位的关系;卫岗盆栽水稻的节间数、生长期、叶长和株高比其他2种大田种植的数值小;可以用方程y=ax+b来描述株高与日照时数和有效积温的关系,增加1 cm株高需要19.23℃.d≥10°C积温、8.12 h日照时数;籼稻的株高、分蘖数和叶面积比其他3个粳稻品种多,但比叶重和叶角比其他3个粳稻品种小。[结论]比较水稻品种间形态特征差异,是选择节水耐旱品种的一个重要方面。该研究结果若被整合进一个水稻功能结构模型,即可通过模拟三维空间内水稻器官生长动态为节水耐旱品种选育提供株型参考。
[Objective] The aim of this study was to compare the morphological characteristics of rice（Oryza sativa L.） with different cultivation methods and investigate the dynamics of organ growth and development characteristics of different rice cultivars.[Method] Based on continuous field observation and destructive sampling over a growing season,detailed organ morphological data were obtained including leaf length,node number,plant height,tiller number,leaf angle,leaf area and specific leaf weight,to compare organ morphological differences among 4 rice cultivars of Baidao（indica）,Jinnanfeng（japonica）,9325（japonica） and 9915（japonica） with 3 cultivation methods of field planting in Weigang,pot planting in Weigang,and field planting in Jiangpu.[Result] Maximum leaf length of each node gradually increased at the early growth stage and decreased at the later growth stage,the relationship between maximum leaf length and node can be described with the equations y=axb and y=ax＋b;node number,growth duration,leaf length and plant height of pot planting rice in Weigang were smaller than that of the other two field planting methods;the relationship between plant height and sunshine duration,plant height and GDD（growing degree days） can be described with the equation y=ax＋b,19.23 ℃·d of GDD（≥10 ℃·d） and 8.12 h of sunshine duration were required to increase 1 cm of plant height;plant height,tiller number,and leaf area of Baidao were higher than that of the other 3 japonica rice cultivars,but the specific leaf weight and leaf angle were smaller.[Conclusion] Comparison of morphological characteristic differences among rice cultivars is an important way to select water-saving and drought-tolerant rice varieties.In this study,the experimental results can be integrated into a rice functional-architectural model to simulate rice organ growth dynamics in a three-dimensional space,thereby providing reference for selection of water-saving and drought-tolerant rice cultivar.
出处
《安徽农业科学》
CAS
2012年第31期15158-15161,共4页
Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31101084)
教育部留学回国人员科研启动基金项目
关键词
水稻
叶片
株高
分蘖数
叶角
Rice
Leaf
Plant height
Tiller number
Leaf angle
