摘要
目的探讨妊娠早期糖脂代谢与妊娠糖尿病(GDM)发生的关系以及对妊娠结局的影响。方法回顾性分析2000年7月至2009年12月在解放军第三。六医院妇产科分娩的3923名初产孕妇的早孕空腹血糖、血脂、超敏c反应蛋白(sCRP)、尿酸(uA)对妊娠24—32周口服葡萄糖耐量试验(OGTT)血糖结果和妊娠结局的影响。将所有人组孕妇按WHO及国际糖尿病与妊娠研究组诊断标准分为GDM组与糖耐量正常组,比较GDM组与糖耐量正常组妊娠早期空腹血糖、血脂、sCRP和uA的差异,根据妊娠结局将所有孕妇分为妊娠高血压综合征组、先兆子痫/子痫组、剖宫产组、巨大儿组、低出生体重儿组、新生儿窒息组、GDM组,比较妊娠早期代谢指标与妊娠结局关系,采用Pearson相关分析及logistie回归分析探讨妊娠早期空腹血糖、血脂、sCRP和UA对GDM发生及不良妊娠结局的影响。结果GDM组早期空腹血糖[(4.4±0.6)VS(4.2±0.4)mmol/L,t=-6.91,P〈0.05]、甘油三酯(TG)[(1.9±0.7)VS(1.7±0.8)mmol/L,t=-3.30,P〈0.05]及sCRP[(2.4±1.6)VS(2.1±1.7)mg/L,t=-2.65,P〈0.05]高于糖耐量正常组。妊娠早期空腹血糖、TG及sCRP与OGTT0、60、120min血糖水平均呈显著正相关(空腹血糖:r值分别为0.43、0.17、0.20;TG:r值分别为0.12、0.07、0.11;sCRP:r值分别为0.07、0.08、0.08;均P〈0.05),妊娠早期空腹血糖与新生儿出生后1、5、10rain阿氏评分均呈显著负相关(r值分别为-0.121、-0.096、-0.076,均P〈0.05)。随着妊娠早期空腹血糖、TG及sCRP的升高,剖宫产率也增加。校正年龄后,妊娠早期血糖、TG及sCRP水平升高导致GDM以及不良妊娠结局的OR(95%CI)值分别为:GDM组2.07(1.59~2.69,P〈0.05)、1.25(1.07~1.46,P〈0.05)、1.09(1.02~1.16,P〈0.05);新生儿窒息组为2.13(1.43~3.16,P〈0.05)、0.73(0.45~1.18,P〉0.05)、1.01(0.87—1.19,P〉0.05);巨大儿组(〉4000g)为1.45(1.09—1.92,P〈0.05)、1.18(0.97—1.44,P〉0.05)、1.06(0.98~1.14,P〉0.05);低体重出生儿组(〈2500g)为0.97(0.62~1.52,P〉0.05)、1.35(1.06—1.70,P〈0.05)、0.97(0.83—1.13,P〉0.05)。结论GDM患者妊娠早期糖脂代谢指标虽仍处于正常范围,却显著高于糖耐量正常孕妇。妊娠早期空腹血糖、TG及sCRP水平上升,可能增加GDM的发生及妊娠不良结局的风险。
Objective To evaluate whether fasting blood glucose (FBG) and lipids in the first trimester of pregnancy effect the onset and the delivery outcomes of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Methods A total of 3923 pregnant women who underwent FBG, triglyeeride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), uric acid(UA) and sensitive C reactive peptide (sCRP) tests at first trimester and a standard 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTF) between 24 and 32 weeks of gestation during 2000 and 2009 in Beijing 306th PLA Hospital were measured in this retrospective analysis. The association of first trimester FBG, lipids, sCRP and UA with GDM and the delivery outcomes were analysed. Results First trimester FBG ( (4.4 ±0. 6) vs (4.2 ±0. 4) mmol/L, t = -6.91,P 〈0.05) ,TG((1.9 ±0.7)vs(1.7 ±0. 8)mmol/L,t = -3.30,P 〈 0.05 ) and sCRP( (2. 4 ± 1.6 ) vs (2. 1 ± 1.7 ) mg/L, t = -2. 65, P 〈 0.05 ) were higher in GDM than those in non-GDM. First trimester FBG,TG and sCRP were positively correlated with glucose levels during OGTT. First trimester FBG was negatively correlated with the neonatal Virgiria Apgar score. With the rise in FBG, TG and sCRP of pregnancies in the first trimester and cesarean section rate were increased. For data of the 3923 pregnancies,GDM and the adverse delivery outcomes were associated with first trimester FG, TG and sCRP. For GDM, the odds ratios and 95% confidence interval (CI) were 2. 07 ( 1.59 to 2. 69, P 〈 0. 05 ), 1.25 ( 1.07 to 1.46, P 〈0.05) and 1.09 ( 1.02 to 1.16, P 〈0. 05) ;for neonatal respiratory distress,2. 13 (1.43 to 3.16, P〈0.05), 0.73(0.45 to 1.18, P〉0.05) and 1.01 (0.87 to 1.19,P〉0.05); for maerosomia ( 〉14000 g), 1.45 ( 1.09 to 1.92, P 〈 0.05 ), 1.18 ( 0.97 to 1.44, P 〉 0.05 ) and 1.06 ( 0. 98 to 1.14, P 〉 0.05 ) ; for low birth weight baby ( ~〈 2500 g), 0.97 (95% CI, 0. 62 to 1.52, P 〉 0.05 ), 1.35(1.06 to 1.70, P〈0.05) and0.97(0.83 to 1.13, P〉0.05). Conclusions First trimester FBG, TG and sCRP were increased in GDM. Even in the normal range, the higher level of these indexes are the risk factors for GDM, and may affect the outcomes of delivery.
出处
《中华糖尿病杂志》
CAS
2012年第6期345-350,共6页
CHINESE JOURNAL OF DIABETES MELLITUS
关键词
妊娠糖尿病
血糖
代谢
妊娠结局
Gestational diabetes mellitus
Blood glucose
Metabolism
Pregnancy outcomes