摘要
目的分析探讨小儿烧伤后惊厥的原因,以期提出相应的护理干预措施。方法回顾性分析17例小儿烧伤后发生惊厥的临床资料和护理措施。结果高热、低钠血症、脑水肿、低钙血症是小儿烧伤后发生惊厥的主要因素。其中,高热致惊厥9例,低钠血症引起惊厥5例,脑水肿引起惊厥2例,低钙血症引起惊厥1例。患儿经使用镇静剂、吸氧、降温、脱水、纠正水和电解质紊乱等治疗护理后,惊厥在1min内控制的有15例,在2～5min内控制的有2例;惊厥缓解后,患儿无神经系统症状和体征。17例患儿均治愈出院,随访1年无再发惊厥、无脑部后遗症。结论 正确处理创面,控制感染,预防高热,及时合理输液,防治休克,纠正水、电解质紊乱,预防脑水肿等可以有效防止或减少小儿烧伤后惊厥的发生。
Objective To analyze the related factors of pediatric burn complicated with convulsion so as to put forward the nursing intervention measures.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data and nursing intervention in 17 cases of pediatric burn and convulsion.Results Hyperthermia,hyponatremia,cerebral edema and hypocalcemia were the major causes for convulsion after pediatric burn.Of all the cases,hyperthermia induced convulsion occured in 9 cases,hyponatremia-induced convulsion in 5,cerebral edema induced convulsion in 2,and hypocalcemia-induced convulsion in 1.Using sedatives,oxygen,cooling,dehydration,electrolyte imbalance and correcting water treatment,the convulsion was controlled within 1 min in 15 cases and within 2～5 min in 2 cases.With the remission of convulsion,the children were observed with no neurological symptoms and signs.All the 17 childrens were cured and discharged,which was followed up for 1 year without recurrence of convulsion and brain sequelae.Conclusion The occurrence of convulsions can be effectively prevented or reduced by correctly handling the wound,infection control,prevention of febrile,timely and reasonable infusion,prevention and treatment of shock,correcting water,electrolyte disturbance;prevention of cerebral edema.
出处
《解放军护理杂志》
2011年第21期45-47,共3页
Nursing Journal of Chinese People's Liberation Army
关键词
烧伤
小儿
惊厥
护理
burn
pediatric
convulsion
nursing
