摘要
本文首次报道了玉米8个亚种、2个亚型和2个杂交品种的核型和Giemsa C-带带型。所有材料的根尖细胞染色体数目均为2n=20。主要由中部和亚中部着丝点染色体组成。第6染色体短臂均具随体,但大小不同。所有材料均显示有亚端带和端带,在第6染色体的短臂上显示有NOR或/和随体带。C-带的分布、总数目和总长度各不相同。其总带数变异于6至18之间,C-带总长度为5.65—11.40％之间。在核型中,具中部着丝点的染色体数目及C-带总数,罕见栽培或原始的类型通常多于广泛栽培的类型。此外,有关核型和C-帝的变异和进化也进行了简略的讨论。
In this paper, the karyotypes and (liemsa C-banding patterns of 8 subspecies, 2 subtypes and 2 hybrid cultivars in maize have been first reported. The chromosome number of all experimental materials is 2n = 20. They are composed of metacentric and submetacentric chromosomes, and the satellites are in the short arms of 6th chromosomes, but different samples are not the same in their satellite size. There appear st and t bands in the Giemsa C-banding patterns in all samples, and NOR or/and SAT bands in short arms of 6th chromosomes. The total C-band numbers varied from 6 to 18, and percent of total length of C-bands from 5.65 to 11.40 in all samples. These are differences in number, length and distribution of C-bands among different experimental materials. The total number of C-bands and metacentric chromosomes in karyotypes, as a rule, is more in rarely cultivated or primitive types than in commonly cultivated one. In addition, that the variation and evolution about karyotypes and C-bands are discussed briefly.
关键词
玉米
亚种
核型
C带
Zea mays, Subspecies, Kanyotype, Giemsa C-bands
