摘要
为研究不同颜色遮阳网遮光对夏秋茶与春茶产量和品质的影响,在中国科学院桃源农业生态试验站以"碧香早"茶树为试验材料,选用不遮光和中度遮光(遮光率(50±3)%)的黑色、绿色、银白色遮阳网开展遮光试验。试验表明:与对照相比,不同季节茶园经遮光后百芽重、芽密度均高于对照茶园。百芽重夏秋季黑色和绿色处理与对照间差异显著,分别比对照高10.21%、6.07%,春季黑色、绿色和银白色处理均显著高于对照,分别比对照高4.29%、11.11%、5.30%。芽密度夏秋季黑色与对照间差异显著,比对照高7.40%,春季黑色、绿色、银白色处理均显著高于对照,分别比对照高32.47%、31.50%、22.28%;在不同季节茶园遮光后可增加新梢含水率,但与对照间无显著差异;遮光可降低水浸出物含量,不同遮光处理间无明显规律性;夏秋季节茶园应用黑色和绿色遮阳网,春季应用3种颜色遮阳网遮光可增加茶叶游离氨基酸和咖啡碱含量,降低茶多酚含量和酚氨比。与对照茶园相比,夏季、秋季、春季黑色遮阳网处理的氨基酸含量与对照间差异显著,分别比对照高14.22%、17.07%、6.23%;夏秋季节不同遮阳网处理的茶多酚含量与对照间差异性不显著,春季黑色和绿色处理的茶多酚含量与对照间差异性显著,分别比对照低27.66%、19.21%;夏季黑色处理的酚氨比显著低于对照,比对照低16.40%,秋季和春季黑色和绿色处理的酚氨比均与对照间差异显著,秋季黑色和绿色处理分别比对照低20.13%、11.79%,春季分别比对照低31.82%、20.55%;不同季节黑色遮光处理的咖啡碱含量与对照间达到显著性差异,夏季、秋季、春季黑色处理的咖啡碱含量分别比对照高9.48%、8.10%、7.28%。试验结果说明夏秋季节应用黑色和绿色遮光设施,春季应用3种颜色的遮光设施均可有效改善丘陵茶园绿茶品质,不同季节黑色遮阳网遮光均显著增加名优绿茶产量并改善绿茶内含品质。
In order to understand the influence of shading colors on the quality of summer-autumn tea and spring tea,three shading screens with different colours（black,green and silver）（BSS,GSS and SSS） at a moderate shading intensity（50±3）% and non-shading control（CK） were set up in a tea field（Camellia Sinensis,cv.Bixiangzao） at the Taoyuan Station of Agro-ecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences.The results indicated that 100-bud weight and bud density increased in all treatments of shade colours during different seasons.In comparison with the CK treatment,100-bud weights in summer-autumn were significantly improved in BSS and GSS by 10.2%,6.1%,respectively,while 100-bud weights in spring increased significantly by 4.3%,11.1% and 5.3% under BSS,GSS and SSS,respectively.For the bud density,it was significantly higher than that of CK by 7.4% under BSS in summer-autumn and by 32.5%,31.5% and 22.3% under BSS,GSS,and SSS in spring,respectively.With shading,the shoot water content of tea plants was increased in different seasons,but such shoot water increase was not significant over CK.Compared with CK,the tea water extractants under the shading screens were decreased,but there was no significant difference between the treatments.The use of the BSS and the GSS in summer-autumn and all shadings in spring increased the contents of amino acids（AA） and caffeine in tea leaves,while it reduced the polyphenol（TP） content and the TP/AA ratio.The treatment of BSS significantly increased the AA content by 14.2%,17.1% and 6.2% in summer,autumn and spring,respectively.The effect of shading on the TP content was not significant in summer and autumn,but the treatments of BSS and GSS decreased the TP content by 27.7% and 19.2% in spring,respectively.BSS significantly decreased the TP/AA ratio by 16.4% over CK in summer,while BSS and GSS reduced the TP/AA ratio significantly by 20.1% and 11.8% in autumn,and 31.8% and 20.6% in spring,respectively.In comparison with the CK treatment,the theine content significantly increased under BSS by 9.5%,8.1% and 7.3% in summer,autumn and spring,respectively.In conclusion,the use of BSS and GSS in summer and autumn and all three shading colours in spring was able to improve the tea quality in hilly tea gardens,with the colour shading effect on the tea quality in the following order： black green non-shading silver for the summer-autumn tea,whilst in spring with the order： black green silver non-shading.Since the BSS could significantly increase the yield and the biochemical components of the tea in different seasons,tea growers are recommended to apply this shading screen for better tea production and quality in the hilly tea gardens.
出处
《生态学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第16期4509-4516,共8页
Acta Ecologica Sinica
基金
国家支撑计划重点项目(2009BADC6B05-2)
中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(KSCX2-EW-B-1)
外国专家局项目(20100491005-8)
广西区科技计划(桂科合0992031-20)
现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-23)
关键词
茶园
生态管理
夏秋茶
春茶
遮光
产量
生化成分
tea plantation
ecological management
summer-autumn tea
spring tea
colour shading
biochemical components
