摘要
居民家庭生活能源消费与碳排放越来越不容忽视,开展这方面研究对于促进居民可持续消费、寻找新的节能减排途径都具有十分重要的意义。本文在考察量化1999-2007年中国城镇居民生活直接、间接能源消费及其碳排放连续变化的基础上,探究了这段时期生活能耗与碳排放的动态变化特征,并分析其潜在的影响因素。研究主要结论包括:1999-2007年,中国城镇居民人均生活总能耗和碳排总量都呈现出逐年增加趋势,其中间接能耗与碳排始终大于直接能耗与碳排,但二者的差异正在逐年缩小;对于人均直接能耗与碳排来说,二者总量都呈逐年增加趋势,其中电力和煤炭是最主要的直接能源消费品种,也是最主要的碳排来源;对于人均间接能耗与碳排来说,虽然居民生活消费开支逐年递增,但由于各类消费项的单位产值能源强度在逐年下降,因此总的间接能耗与碳排并没呈现出一定的递增或递减趋势,而是出现波动性变化。其中"食品"、"教育文化娱乐服务"和"居住"3项是居民生活间接能耗与碳排的主要来源;人均住宅建筑面积是居民生活碳排变化的主要影响因子。研究结论为引导可持续的家庭消费模式和节能减排措施的制定提供管理启示与科学依据。
Urban household energy use and carbon emission are becoming a hotspot and the related researches will contribute to promoting the sustainable household consumption and exploring the new ways of energy saving and emissions reduction. In this paper, by investigating the direct and indirect energy use and carbon emission of urban household consumption in China from 1999 to 2007, the dynamic characteristics of Chinese urban household energy use and carbon enfission were analyzed, as well as the potential influencing factors. Results showed that, from 1999 to 2007 urban household energy use and carbon emissions per capita were hmreasing and the indirect energy use and carbon emissions were always more than the direct ones. However, the differences between them were decreasing gradually. Both the direct energy use and direct carbon emissions were increasing year by year. Electricity and coal were the two major proportions of ＂the direct energy use and carbon emission. The indirect energy use and indirect carbon emissions didn＇t show a definite trend of increasing or decreasing but fluctuated from year to year. The decline of the energy intensity of household consumption neutralized the impact of the household consumption growth. ＂Food＂, ＂education, cultural and recreation sen＇ices and ＂residences＂ were the three main sources of indirect energy use and carbon emissions in urban households. Building space in urban areas per capita was proved an important factor for the dynamic change of urban household carbon emissions. We hope the result will provide management inspiration and scientific basis for guiding the sustainable household consumption pattern and establishing effective energy saving measures.
出处
《中国人口·资源与环境》
CSSCI
北大核心
2011年第5期93-100,共8页
China Population,Resources and Environment
基金
中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(编号:KZCX2-YW-450)
关键词
生活消费
能耗
碳排放
节能减排
中国
household consumption
energy use
carbon emissions
energy saving and emission reduction
China
