摘要
通过田间小区试验,研究了氮素运筹对玉米干物质积累、氮素吸收分配及产量的影响。结果表明,施氮和有机肥可以延长干物质积累的旺盛时期,使玉米干物质总量积累速率最大的时刻推后1～3 d,增加了玉米的干物质积累量。氮肥配施有机肥能延长氮素积累的旺盛时期,其中,施氮225 kg/hm2+有机肥30 t/hm2(N2+M)处理氮素积累的旺盛时期Δt分别比不施氮(N0)、施氮112.5 kg/hm2(N1)、施氮225 kg/hm2(N2)、施氮281.25 kg/hm2(N3)和施氮307.5 kg/hm2(FP)处理延长了6、4、6、1和7 d,该时段吸氮量比FP处理增加0.25 g/p lant,比等氮量的N2处理增加0.24 g/p lant。播前施有机肥30 t/hm2,在减N 26.83%的情况下,玉米吸氮量比常规施肥(FP)提高6.52%,氮素利用率达54.31%,高于常规施肥的33.27%;玉米增产24.12%,比常规施肥增收2696元/hm2。
The effects of nitrogen management on maize dry matter accumulation,nitrogen uptake and distribution and maize yield were studied through a plot field experiment.The result showed that application of nitrogen fertilizer and organic matter could prolong the vigorous time of dry matter accumulation,postpone the maximum accumulation rate by 1～3 d compared to the other treatments.Application of N combined with organic fertilizer could also delay the time of maximum N accumulation rate,prolong the vigorous period of N accumulation.The treatment of N2＋M prolonged the vigorous period of N accumulation Δt by 6 d、4 d、6 d、1 d、7 d compared to N0、N1、N2、N3、FP treatments respectively,increased the nitrogen uptake by 0.25 g/plant compared to FP treatment,and by 0.24 g/plant compare to treatments with equal N rate.Using organic fertilizer 30 t/hm2 as base fertilizer,under the condition of N application rate reduced 26.83%,enhanced the N uptake by 6.52% compare to the local conventional fertilization.The nitrogen utilization efficiency was 54.31% which was 33.27% higher than that under conventional fertilization.It could also increase the maize yield by 24.12% and the income by 2696 yuan/ha compare to conventional fertilization.
出处
《植物营养与肥料学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第3期755-760,共6页
Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers
基金
国家"十一五"科技支撑计划项目(2008BADA4B09-1)
国际植物营养研究所(IPNI)项目(BFDP-Xinjiang-2009)资助
关键词
氮素
玉米
吸收分配
产量
nitrogen
maize
nitrogen uptake and distribution
yield
