摘要
本文对花生离体培养高频率体细胞胚(体胚)诱导方法,及平阳霉素(PYM)对体胚发生的抑制作用进行了研究,旨在为以PYM作为化学诱变剂进行花生离体诱变提供有效方法。以花生品种花育20号和花育22号成熟种子的胚小叶为外植体,在添加不同浓度2,4-D(0,5,10,15,20mg/L)的MSB5(MS无机盐+B5有机成分)培养基上诱导体胚培养。结果表明:当24,-D浓度为10mg/L时,体胚诱导率高,极显著高于其他处理(除花育20号添加10mg/L与5mg/L无极显著差异),花育20号和花育22号体胚诱导率分别高达80.1%和92.9%。将形成体胚的外植体转接到添加4mg/L BAP的体胚萌发培养基上,成苗率达85%以上。以此培养方法为基础,在诱导培养基中添加不同浓度的PYM(0,1,2,3,4,5mg/L),进行体胚的诱导。结果显示:PYM对体胚发生有显著的抑制作用,随着平阳霉素浓度的增大,体胚诱导率显著下降,外植体褐化率急剧上升。2个供试品种的PYM抑制浓度不同,综合褐化率和体胚形成率,确定花育20号和花育22号适宜的PYM离体诱变浓度分别为3～4mg/L和4～5mg/L,诱变培养时间为30d。
Efficient somatic embryogenesis and restriction effect of PYM in embryonic leaflet culture of peanut were studied in this paper,which is to provide an effective method for mutation in vitro using PYM as the chemical mutagen.The embryonic leaflets of peanut cv.Huayu No.20 and Huayu No.22 were cultured on MSB5（MS salts ＋ B5 vitamins） medium containing 2,4-D（0,5,10,15,20mg /L） to induce somatic embryos.The results showed that 10mg /L 2,4-D was useful for somatic embryogenesis,the frequency of somatic embryo formation achieved 80.1%and 92.9% in Huayu No.20 and Huayu No.22,respectively,which was significantly higher than the other treatment,except for 5mg/L and 10mg /L 2.4-D in Huayu No.20 which showed no significant difference.When the explants with somatic embryos were transferred to germination medium added with 4mg /L BAP,the embryos germinated and developed to shoots with a frequency of 85%.With this culture method,the restriction effect of PYM on somatic embryogenesis was studied.The results showed that PYM prohibited somatic embryogenesis remarkably.With the increasing of PYM concentration,the frequencies of somatic embryo formation decreased greatly,while the rate of explants browning was increased.Restriction concentrations of two cultivars were different.According to the explant browning rates and somatic embryo induction rates,it was suggested that 3 ～ 4mg /L and 4 ～ 5mg /L PYM were the optimum mutagen concentrations for Huayu No.20 and Huayu No.22 respectively,and the optimum period of culture duration was 30d.
出处
《核农学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第2期242-246,共5页
Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家自然科学基金(30871544)
国家公益性行业科研专项(nvhyzx07-014)
关键词
花生
平阳霉素
诱变
体细胞胚
2
4-D
peanut
pingyangmycin（PYM）
mutagenesis
somatic embryo
24
-D
