摘要
目的了解住院患者尿路医院感染情况,掌握其主要病原菌耐药状况,有效预防控制医院感染。方法对医院2006年1月-2008年12月共32 400例住院患者进行前瞻性和回顾性调查分析,对其中尿路医院感染病原菌用常规方法进行鉴定,用纸片扩散法(K-B法)进行药敏试验。结果 3年共有1270例患者发生医院感染,医院感染率为3.9%,其中尿路感染150例,占11.8%;其主要病原菌以革兰阴性杆菌分离率为最高,占68.8%,大肠埃希菌居首占42.4%;革兰阳性球菌分离率为31.2%,以凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌为主,占19.4%;药敏试验除革兰阴性杆菌对亚胺培南、革兰阳性球菌对万古霉素保持100.0%敏感外,所有病原菌对多种抗菌药物产生了不同程度的耐药性;大肠埃希菌产超广谱β-内酰胺酶检出率为54.1%,耐甲氧西林凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌占78.6%。结论医院感染病例中尿路感染发生率较高,病原菌耐药性不容忽视,应采取有效措施进行预防与控制。
OBJECTIVE To understand the urinary tract infection and grasp the main pathogen resistant condition,and to effectively prevent and control the nosocomial infection.METHODS A total of 32 400 cases of hospitalized patients were collected from Jan 2006 to Dec 2008.A prospective and retrospective investigation and analysis were performedand the urinary tract infection pathogens were identified and tested by using conventional methods and disk diffusion method（K-B method）.RESULTS A total of 1270 cases occurred in patients with nosocomial infection in 3 years,hospital infection rate was 3.9%,of which 150 cases of urinary tract infections,accounting for 11.8%.The main pathogens were Gram-negative（G-） bacilli with the highest isolation rate,accounting for 68.8%,Escherichia coli listed the first with 42.4%;Gram-positive（G＋） cocci isolation rate was 31.2%,and coagulase-negative Staphylococcus（CNS）,accounting for 19.4%.In addition to G-bacilli sensitivity test to imipenem,G＋ cocci to maintained 100.0% sensitive to vancomycin,all pathogens produced various degrees of drug resistance to many antibiotics.The detection rate of E.coli producing extended spectrum β-lactamases（ESBLs） was 54.1%,methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci（MRCNS） accounted for 78.6%.CONCLUSION The incidence is high in urinary tract among nosocomial infection cases,the drug resistance of pathogens can not be ignored,it should be taken effective measures to prevent and control.
出处
《中华医院感染学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第3期589-591,共3页
Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology
关键词
医院感染
尿路感染
病原菌
耐药性
Nosocomial infection
Urinary tract infection
Pathogens
Drug resistance
