摘要
通过长期观察研究,分析普陀鹅耳枥的开花特性、花粉活力、柱头可授性、种子品质、萌芽性、幼苗生长特性等生物学特性。结果表明:普陀鹅耳枥雄花散粉期与雌花柱头可授期重叠时间仅为6天。雄花序在树冠的上、中、下部分布比较均匀,而雌花序则集中分布于树冠的上部和中部。盛花期花粉的最高萌发率可达52.41%,室温下干燥保存的花粉寿命仅为6天左右,在4℃干燥条件下保存可以延长花粉寿命10天左右。采自不同母树的种子,出籽率、千粒质量、饱满度和发芽率等遗传性状在不同单株之间存在显著变异,但原生母树的种子品质要显著优于F1代的种子品质。用膨化珍珠岩在室内贮藏种子效果较好。叶芽的隐芽不具萌发性,但是顶芽遭受损伤以后,下部侧芽能重新抽发新枝。7月中旬至8月下旬为幼苗高生长速生期,2年生实生苗平均高为52～76cm,平均地径为0.69～1.05cm,苗木保存率为76.8%～100.0%。
Carpinus putoensis is an endangered species native to Zhoushan Islands in eastern China. In this study,the biological characteristics,including flowering behavior,pollen viability,stigma receptivity,seed germination and seedling growth,were observed and measured to investigate reasons for the endangerment. The results showed that there were only 6 days overlaps of stigma receptivity with pollen dispersal. Male flowers were quite evenly arranged in different part of crown while female flowers were concentrated in the upper and central crown. Approximately 52. 4% of pollens were able to germinate. The pollens survived for only around 6 days in room temperature,however,the pollen viability could last about 10 days after dry storage at 4 ℃ . Moreover,there were significant differences in physiological traits of seed between individuals. The seeds of the original mother tree were much better than those of the F1 generation. The seed could be well stored in mixture with perlite indoor. Additionally,the lateral buds would sprout out and become leading after the apex shoots were damaged. Seedlings grew fast in the period from mid-July to late August. Two-year-old seedlings had heights of 52-76 cm,caliper of 0. 69-1. 05 cm and the survival rates of 76. 8%-100. 0% .
出处
《林业科学》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第7期69-76,共8页
Scientia Silvae Sinicae
基金
浙江省科技厅科研项目"普陀鹅耳枥等海岛特有珍稀树种保存与繁育利用技术研究"(001102203)
浙江省重点科技项目(2006C22064
2006C12059-4)
关键词
普陀鹅耳枥
繁殖生物学
基因资源保存
Carpinus putoensis
reproductive mechanism
gene conservation
