摘要
随着世界范围内环境保护强度的不断提升,环境政策成为中国吸引FDI、地方政府吸引FDI时经常使用的工具。地方政府可以通过放松环境管制的标准或增加环境基础设施的投资,从而降低企业污染治理的投入成本,增加对外商投资企业的吸引力。本文构建包含环境政策因素的企业区位选择模型,使用1990-2007年中国省份之间的面板数据,发现除了传统的市场规模、公共设施配套和劳动力成本等影响因素之外,环境政策对FDI的区位选择具有重要的影响,环境管制强度的增加对FDI的区位选择具有显著的负面影响,但是政府加大环境投资则对FDI具有吸引作用。这一研究结果具有重要的政策含义:放松环境管制标准的环境政策能在短期内吸引到外资,但却是以牺牲环境资源为代价的;而增加环境投资在短期和长期都对外资企业产生吸引力,且有利于地区的长远发展。从地区经济可持续发展的视角来看,政府应该通过增加环境投资而不是放松环境管制的环境政策来吸引FDI。
With the growing intension of environmental protection all over the world,environmental policy and standard become the effective tool by which China attracts foreign direct investment（FDI）,as well as which local governments take advantage of to compete against each other.By the means of loosing environmental regulation or increasing environmental investment,local governments want to attract foreign investment with lower entry costs.This article constructed the enterprise location selection model which introduced environmental policy variable and analyzed the panel data among China＇s 30 provinces from 1990 to 2007.The estimation results showed that besides the traditional factors such as local market scale,public service facility and labor cost,environmental policy also played an important role in determining flows of FDI in China.Furthermore,the intension of environmental regulation showed high level of negative significance to the flows of FDI,while increasing environmental investment by local governments might have positive significance.These findings have significant implications for policymakers： loosing environmental regulation can attract FDI in short-term,which is based on high environment resource costs; while increasing environmental imvestment can attract FDI in both short-term and long-term, which is conducive to long-run development. In the perspective of regional economic sustainable development,local governments should increase environmental investment instead of loosening environmental regulation to attract FDI.
出处
《中国人口·资源与环境》
CSSCI
北大核心
2010年第6期58-63,共6页
China Population,Resources and Environment
基金
教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目<节能减排与环境保护宏观政策研究(No.07JZD0008)>子课题<节能减排的财政税收政策研究>阶段性成果
关键词
环境管制
环境投资
FDI
环境政策
environmental regulation
environmental investment
FDI
environmental policy
