摘要
南水北调工程是优化我国水资源分配格局的世纪性战略工程,其工程建设涉及大批非自愿性移民。移民搬迁是一复杂的系统工程,科学合理地制定移民补偿政策不仅要考虑移民的经济损失,也应统筹考虑移民的社会福利损失和心理需求。本研究以南水北调中线工程水源地丹江口库区移民重点县淅川为案例,通过问卷调查、部门访谈的方式,深入剖析了淅川移民试点村安迁的特点及存在的主要问题,整体搬迁距离远、移民强度大、移民补偿标准偏低,移民群体中不满情绪等现实状况,成为当前县内移民工作亟待解决的核心问题。导致移民问题产生的成因主要在于现行的移民政策制定没有科学地根基于利益相关方的需求:一是利益相关方的需求表达机制缺失,移民缺乏适当的决策参与机制,信息知情权、话语权缺失,造成部分移民政策的实施衍生出替代性问题;二是解决移民纠纷问题的协调管理机制缺失,影响了移民的安迁稳定;三是政策制定忽视了移民的人力资本、社会资本损失及心理需求,移民缺乏社区认同感,"边际人"心态显著。
South to North Water Diversion Project as the centufial strategy project will optimize water resource distribution situation in China, and with its implementation a mass of non-vohmtary migrants will be involved. Migrants＇ resettling is a complicated system. With the purpose to make scientific decisions and release reasonable policies we shall consider social welfare loss and psychological demand from migrants. Based on the case study in Xichuan county as the key pilot resettlement area in Danjingkou reservoir： the water head of South to North Water Diversion Middle Line Project, questionnaire survey and interview with local sectors are used to identify the main features and key problems of migrant＇ s resettling in research areas. The main issues that need to be resolved include far removing distance, high intensity resettling, low compensation standard and negative emotion of immigrants flying high and so on. The main causes leading to the migrant＇ s problems are that the current migration policy making is not based on the needs of stakeholders. First, lack expression and decision-making mechanism for stakeholders, and local migrants have no information right and speaking right. Second, lack coordination and management mechanism to solve the migration disputes. Third, policy-makers ignore the migrants＇ losses of human capital and social capital, and their psychological needs, and this leads to ＂marginal people＂ mentality.
出处
《中国人口·资源与环境》
CSSCI
北大核心
2010年第5期51-56,共6页
China Population,Resources and Environment
基金
"十一五"国家科技支撑计划重点项目"提高区域协调度的多尺度计算机仿真技术研发"(No.2006BAC18B00)"生态补偿关键技术开发与示范应用"课题(No.2006BAC18B04)的部分成果
关键词
南水北调
淅川
移民
搬迁安置
成因分析
South to North Water Diversion
Xichuan
migrants
resettlement
cause analysis
