摘要
重点研究北京市区大气气溶胶中细粒子的污染特征,分析其质量浓度变化与各种自然影响因素的相关性,利用美国空气资源实验室的HYSPLIT模型对颗粒物进行溯源和追踪分析,为正确认识北京市区大气PM2.5污染状况提供重要基础数据,为以后的对比研究和制定相应的污染控制措施提供参考依据。结果表明:(1)PM2.5质量浓度的最高值出现在4月的沙尘天气期间中,由于受沙尘天气影响春季的PM2.5质量浓度居四季之首;(2)温度、相对湿度、风速、降水和气压等是影响PM2.5污染程度的重要因素,不同季节里、不同温度范围内,PM2.5的质量浓度与温度表现出不同的但都强烈的相关性;沙尘天气里风速低于某一阈值(10 km/h)时,PM2.5的质量浓度与风速呈负相关,反之则呈正相关;(3)沙尘主要来自西北、西北偏北或偏西方向,境外源有俄罗斯、蒙古和哈萨克斯坦等国的戈壁或沙漠地区,境内主要来自西部戈壁沙漠地带以及内蒙古的大范围干旱和半干旱地区,到达北京后继续向东或东南、东北方向运移,进入朝鲜、韩国、日本和俄罗斯等邻国。
This study focused on the pollution characteristics of fine particles in the aerosol in Beijing city,analyzed the correlation between variation of mass concentration and various kinds of natural factors.Tracing and tracking the particulates have been done with HYSPLIT model of the U.S.Air Resources Laboratory.What we do will provide important basic data for getting a correct understanding of pollution situation of PM2.5 in urban areas and give reference for future comparative research and development of corresponding pollution control measures.The research results are as follows：（1） the highest value of mass concentration of PM2.5 appears in sand and dust weather in April;spring has the highest mass concentration in the four seasons due to sand and dust weather.（2） Mass concentration of PM2.5 shows strong but different correlations with the temperature in different seasons or different range of temperature;wind speed has a negative correlation with the concentration when it is below 10 km/h and positive correlation when above that.（3） Dust mainly comes from the northwest,northwest by north or west direction;outside sources are the Gobi or desert areas in Russia,Mongolia,Kazakhstan and other countries;sources inside China are mainly the Gobi or desert in west as well as a wide range of arid and semi-arid areas in Inner Mongolia;after arriving in Beijing,dust moves to the east,northeast or southeast,entering into North Korea,South Korea,Japan,Russia and other neighboring countries.
出处
《现代地质》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第2期345-354,共10页
Geoscience
