摘要
影响衰老的因素很多,其中主要有遗传基因、饮食营养、生活方式、运动多少、心理状态、医疗条件及环境因素等。其中饮食营养是非常重要的因素,而且是可以控制的因素。研究证明,营养不良和营养过剩都会影响健康和寿命,而健康和延长寿命最有效的方法是限食(限能)。最近,美国和英国的权威杂志《Science》和《Nature》发表研究文章表明,节食,以及一些自由基清除剂,如小分子多酚类物质白藜芦醇,可以启动长寿基因SIRI1,抑制肿瘤基因p53,阻断细胞凋亡,延缓衰老和延长寿命。早在1955年,Dr.Harman发表的"衰老的自由基理论"就提出,体内产生过多自由基是引起衰老的重要因素,保持体内自由基和抗氧化剂的平衡可以延缓衰老。我们的实验还证明,天然抗氧化剂茶多酚可延长果蝇的寿命,使果蝇匀浆中的超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)活性增加,脂质过氧化水平降低,改善高脂引起的果蝇寿命缩短、SOD活性降低以及脂质过氧化水平的升高。作者最近的实验还证明,茶多酚可以防止氧化应激引起的线虫寿命的缩短,还可以预防和治疗6-OHDA引起的大鼠帕金森氏综合症,山楂黄酮可以预防和治疗蒙古沙鼠缺血引起的中风,大豆异黄酮和尼古丁可以预防和治疗转基因线虫和小鼠老年痴呆症。饮食营养和天然抗氧化剂研究的进展将对人类健康和延缓衰老,提供新的线索并做出重大贡献。
Many factors cause aging including genetic gene, diet nutrition, lifestyles, exercise, morbid state of mind, medical conditions and environments, but the very important and can be controlled one among them is diet nutrition. Scientific studies have shown malnutrition and overnutrition are harmful to health and life, while diet restriction or Calorie restriction （CR） is an effective method for health and prolonging life. Several papers published by ＂Science＂ and ＂Nature＂ reported diet restriction and free radical scavengers such as natural antioxidant, small molecular resveratrol, could active long life gene SIRI1, inhibit cancer gene p53 and cell apoptosis, postpone aging and prolong life. Dr Harman suggested free radicals were an important factor to cause aging and keeping a balance of free radicals and antioxidant in body was benefit for postponing aging in a paper about free radical theory of aging published in early 1955. The author＇s studies indicated natural antioxidant green tea polyphenols could prolong the lifespan of drosophila, enhanced SOD activity, inhibited the lipid peroxidation and improved the shorting lifespan, decrease of SOD activity and enhancing lipid peroxidation caused by diet with higher fatty. The author＇s study also shown that green tea polyphenols could prolong the lifespan of C. e/egans under oxidative stress, prevent and cure Parkinson＇s disease caused by 6-OHDA in rat. Oral administration of crataegus flavonoids prevented and cured stroke against ischemia/ reperfusion brain damage in gerbils. Oral administration of nicotine could prevent and cured Alzheimer＇s disease in transgenic mice. The study of free radical, nutrition and natural antioxidants will provide significant contribution to human health and long life.
出处
《生物物理学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第1期26-36,共11页
Acta Biophysica Sinica
关键词
自由基
营养
天然抗氧化剂
衰老
Free radicals
Nutrition
Natural antioxidant
Aging
