摘要
背景:从所查阅的国内外文献来看,有关腘绳肌拉伤的原因有多种观点,不同的研究者所采用的研究方法也不尽相同。目的:通过对文献资料中报道的跑步周期中腘绳肌的肌电活动进行进一步整理分析,试图探讨出跑步周期中腘绳肌拉伤的原因。设计、时间及地点:开放性实验结果的分析,于2008-01/2009-01在华南理工大学体育学院完成。对象:30名跑步娱乐爱好者,15名经过高水平训练的大学径赛运动员。方法:通过运用文献资料法和图表分析法对Montgomery等研究中的30名跑步娱乐爱好者与Mann等研究中的15名经过高水平训练的大学径赛运动员的腘绳肌在跑步周期中的肌肉活动情况进一步分析。主要观察指标:总结两种研究中受试者腘绳肌拉伤的原因。结果:腘绳肌在跑步周期中的作用有3个:在屈髋时通过离心收缩拮抗髂(腰)肌;在伸膝时通过离心收缩拮抗股四头肌;在支撑阶段通过向心收缩为膝关节提供动态稳固作用和使小腿和足获得一定的角动量。在腘绳肌3个作用的对应跑步周期时段内,腘绳肌力量的加强是跑动速度增加的保证,且如果对跑动速度提出更高要求,或随着跑动速度的急剧增加,而腘绳肌的力量不能相应提高,将使腘绳肌拉伤的可能性增加,即腘绳肌的力量不足是致使腘绳肌拉伤的原因之一。结论:致使跑步周期中腘绳肌拉伤的原因在于腘绳肌力量和柔韧性不足,在进行腘绳肌的力量和柔韧练习进应注意专项动作的特异性,进行力量和柔韧的评定时应引入腘绳肌/髋屈肌指标。
BACKGROUND： Looking from the domestic and foreign literature, there are many kinds of viewpoints to the reason of hamstring strain, and the applied techniques are also different. OBJECTIVE： By further analysis of the electromyography activity of hamstring in gait cycle reported in literatures, this paper is aimed to find out the causes of the hamstring strain in gait cycle, and to provide considerable proposal of hamstring strain prevention in physical fitness program establishment for the athletes, coaches and the sport physicians. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： Open experimental study Was performed in the Sports School, South China University of Technology from January 2008 to January 2009. PARTICIPANTS： Thirty recreational runners and 15 highly trained college track athletes participated in the experiment. METHODS： The EMG data of the hamstring muscle during gait cycle were recorded from 30 recreational runners reported by Montgomery et al and 15 highly trained college track athletes reported by Mann et al. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： The reasons for hamstring strain were summarized in these two kinds of subjects. RESULTS： There were three functions of hamstring in gait cycle： decelerating the concentric contraction of the iliopsoas at bending hipbone; decelerating the concentric contraction of the quadriceps at knee bending; as well as making the lower limbs under the knee get certain angular momentum at toe-off, by eccentric contraction. In 3 functions of hamstring gait cycle, the hamstring strength was the guarantee of speed increasing, the likelihood of hamstring injuring would be increasing if high running speed was demanded or hamstring strength couldn’t match the sharp increasing of running speed, so one of the reasons of hamstring was lack of hamstring strength. CONCLUSION： The causes of the hamstring strain are the lack of strength and flexibility. So we should pay attention to the motional specificity during THE improvement of strength and flexibility of the hamstring muscle, and while to evaluate strength and flexibility of the hamstring muscle, the ratio of hamstring/hip flexor should be introduced.
出处
《中国组织工程研究与临床康复》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第33期6513-6517,共5页
Journal of Clinical Rehabilitative Tissue Engineering Research
基金
华南理工大学"高水平引进人才科研启动资金"资助项目~~
