摘要
目的了解神经外科重症监护病房(NICU)医院感染病原菌的种类、感染部位的分布及病原菌的耐药性,为医院感染的预防与控制提供参考。方法以回顾性分析的方法,对2006年1月-2007年12月入住医院NICU有明确医院感染的患者临床资料进行分析。结果共检出医院感染病原菌325株,G-杆菌占46.8%,G+球菌占43.1%,真菌占10.2%;G-杆菌以铜绿假单胞菌为主,占17.2%,G+球菌以金黄色葡萄球菌为主,占20.0%,真菌以白色假丝酵母菌为主,占5.5%;病原菌检出以下呼吸道为最高,占59.7%,其次为脑脊液占22.5%;金黄色葡萄球菌对常用抗菌药物除复方新诺明耐药率在9.2%较低外,其余均>50.0%,铜绿假单胞菌除对亚胺培南耐药率在30.8%,其余也均>50.0%。结论NICU医院感染以金黄色葡萄球菌和铜绿假单胞菌为主已经呈现多药耐药,加强专科ICU建设和医院感染的认识,针对NICU的特点,采取相应预防措施,控制和减少感染的发生。
OBJECTIVE To study pathogens distribution and their drug-resistance characteristics of the bacterial infection in NICU so as to offer a reference for prevention and control of nosocomial infection. METHODS A retrospective analysis of clinical data was performed on 325 patients with infection who stayed in NICU from Jan 2006 to Dec 2007. RESULTS Totally 325 strains of nosocomial pathogens have been identified, of which, 46.8% were Gram-negative bacteria, 43. 1% were Gram-positive bacteria, and 10.2 % were fungi. Pseudomonas aerugi- nosa occupied the highest percentage among Gram-negative bacteria, accounted for 17.2 %. Most of Gram-positive bacteria were Staphylococcus aureus （20. 0%）. Most of fungi were Candida albicans （5. 5%）. About 194 （59.7%） pathogens strains were isolated from samples of the respiratory tract. 73 （22.5%） Seventy thres strains were detected from CSF. Approximately 9. 2% of S. aureus showed drug-resistance to sulfamethoxaxole/ trimethoprim （Bactrim）. However, more than 50.0% of S. aureus presented strong drug-resistance to most of antibiotics. CONCLUSIONS S. aureus and P. aerugionosa are the main pathogens to cause nosocomial infection in neurosurgical intensive care unit showing multi-drug-resistance. To emphasize on the recognition of the nosocomial infections and the drug-resistance of NICU, it is important to be taken certain preventive measures.
出处
《中华医院感染学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第10期1214-1216,共3页
Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology
关键词
神经外科重症监护病房
医院感染
病原菌
耐药性
Neurosurgical intensive care unit
Nosocomial infection
Pathogen
Drug-resistance
