摘要
用"移位"和"派生"来说明"他是去年生的孩子"和"他是昨天进的医院"这类句子的生成都存在一些难以解决的问题。本文论证这类句子的生成方式不是派生而是复合,不是移位而是类推,类推是通过两种表达式的糅合来实现的。这类句子属于一种独立的句式,表达一种独有的"移情"义——主观认同,这种意义属于糅合产生的"浮现意义"。本文还论证"他是生的男孩"和"他是投的赞成票"这类句子也属于主观认同句。最后论证"打了他自己父亲的是我"这种所谓的"分裂句"的生成方式其实不是分裂而是糅合,糅合产生强烈的移情义。
Sentences like Ta shi qunian sheng de haizi in Mandarin can mean 'his child was born last year' rather than literally 'he is a child born last year'. To explain the generation of this kind of sentences through syntactic movement and derivation meets with many difficulties. Instead of resorting to syntactic movement and derivation, we hold that the generation of these sentences is through analogy and compounding, particularly, through a process called 'analogical blending'. These sentences belong to a sentence pattern with its own constructional meaning of 'subjective identity', which is a kind of emergent meaning as a result of conceptual blending. In these sentences the speaker identifies himself mentally with or moving his emotion toward a person or an object represented by the object of the sentence. Also discussed is a so-called cleft-sentence Da le ta ziji fuqin de shi wo (打了他自己父亲的是我 meaning 'it is me who beat his own father') with a strong sense of sympathy, which we hold is also a product of analogical blending rather than cleft-movement.
出处
《中国语文》
CSSCI
北大核心
2008年第5期387-395,共9页
Studies of the Chinese Language
关键词
类推
糅合
主观性
认同句
移情
浮现意义
analogy, blending, subjectivity, identity, empathy, emergent meaning
