摘要
目的了解某医院临床分离常见病原菌的耐药情况,为合理应用抗菌药物提供依据。方法收集该院2005年1月1日—2007年12月31日间临床分离菌,采用VITEK系统进行菌种鉴定及常规生化试验,纸片琼脂扩散(K-B)法进行药敏试验。对所得数据用WHONET5.1软件进行统计分析。结果共收集病原菌4 014株,其中革兰阳性菌1 551株(38.64%),革兰阴性菌2 463株(61.36%)。耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)和耐甲氧西林凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌(MRCNS)的构成比分别为49.82%和82.16%;未发现耐万古霉素革兰阳性球菌。大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌超广谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBLs)的检出率分别为50.95%和47.53%。在葡萄糖非发酵菌中,铜绿假单胞菌对亚胺培南和美罗培南的耐药率分别为30.20%和27.06%;鲍曼不动杆菌对亚胺培南和美罗培南的耐药率分别为19.62%和22.15%;嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌对复方磺胺甲口恶唑、左氧氟沙星较敏感,耐药率分别为6.85%和9.59%。结论定期进行耐药性监测有助于了解细菌耐药性变迁,为临床用药提供理论依据。
Objective To investigate antimicrobial resistance of clinical isolates obtained from a hospital and provide guidance for rational use of antimicrobial agents. Methods Clinical isolated bacterial strains were collected from a hospital from 2005 to 2007, baterial identification and routine biochemical tests were performed with VITEK system, antimicrobial susceptibility tests of isolates were carried out by Kirby-Bauer method. The data were analyzed with the software of WHONET 5. 1. Results A total of 4 014 pathogenic strains were collected, 1 551 （38. 64%） and 2 463 （61.36%） of which were gram-positive cocci and gram-negative bacilli respectively. The constitutional ratio of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant coagulase negative staphylococcus was 49. 82% and 82. 16% respectively; vancomycin-resistant gram-positive cocci were not found. The detection rate of extended-spectrum β-lactamases in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumonia isolates was 50.95% and 47. 53% respectively. Among nonfermentative gram-negative bacilli, the resistant rates of Pseudornonas aeruginosa to imipenem and meropenem was 30. 20% and 27. 06% respectively, and 19. 62% and 22. 15% for Acinetobacter baumannii respectively. Stenotrophornonas maltophilia was sensitive to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole and levofloxacin, drug-resistant rate was 6. 85% and 9. 59% respectively. Conclusion Regular surveillance of antimicrobial resistance in clinical isolates is important for us to realize the trend of antimicrobial resistance and rational antimicrobial therapy.
出处
《中国感染控制杂志》
CAS
2008年第4期274-277,279,共5页
Chinese Journal of Infection Control
关键词
病原菌
抗菌药物
抗药性
微生物
合理用药
pathogens
antimicrobial agents
drug resistance,microbial
rational use of drugs
