摘要
bHLH转录因子在真核生物生长发育调控中具有重要作用,它们组成了转录因子的一个大家族。已经有20种生物基因组中bHLH家族的成员得到鉴定,其中动物17种、植物2种、酵母1种。动物bHLH因其调控基因表达的功能不同而被分成45个家族;此外,根据它们所作用DNA元件和自身结构特点又被分成6个组。A组包含22个家族,主要调控神经细胞生成、肌细胞生成和中胚层形成;B组包含12个家族,主要调控细胞增殖与分化、固醇代谢与脂肪细胞形成以及葡萄糖响应基因的表达;C组包含7个家族,主要负责调控中线与气管发育和昼夜节律、激活环境毒素响应基因的转录;D组只有1个家族,它与A组bHLH蛋白形成无活性的异源二聚体;E组有2个家族,调控胚胎分节、体节形成与器官发生等;F组也只有1个家族,调控头部发育、嗅觉神经元生成等。文章综述了bHLH转录因子家族分类、起源、功能方面的研究进展情况。
bHLH transcription factors are important players in various developmental processes of eukaryotes. They constitute a large family of transcription factors, bHLH family members have been identified in genomes of 20 organisms including 17 animals, two plants, and one yeast. Animal bHLHs are classified into 45 families based on their different functions in the regulation of gene expression. In addition, they are divided into 6 groups according to target DNA elements they bind and their own structural characteristics. Group A consists of 22 families. They mainly regulate neurogenesis, myogenesis and mesoderm formation. Group B consists of 12 families. They mainly regulate cell proliferation and differentiation, sterol metabolism and adipocyte formation, and expression of glucose-responsive genes. Group C has seven families. They are responsible for the regulation of midline and tracheal development, circadian rhythms, and for the activation of gene transcription in response to environmental toxins. Group D has only one family. It forms inactive heterodimers with group A bHLH proteins. Group E has two families, which regulate embryonic segmentation, somitogenesis and organogenesis etc. Group F also has one family. It regulates head development and formation of olfactory sensory neurons etc. This article presents a brief review on progress achieved in studies related to the classification, origination and functions of bHLH transcription factor families.
出处
《遗传》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2008年第7期821-830,共10页
Hereditas（Beijing)
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(编号:30370773)资助~~
